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SanDisk USB 3.2 Gen 1 Operating at USB 2.0 Speed

User question

Description: [D:]Dispositivo di archiviazione di massa USB(USB SanDisk 3.2Gen1)
Device Type: Mass Storage Device

Protocal Version: USB 3.20
Current Speed: High Speed
Max Current: 896mA

USB Device ID: VID = 0781 PID = 5591
Serial Number: 0101EDBCB76540623D2C868B01D99A538365DC5F19DEA48C31DB5668A48D1276ED51000000000000000000004FC89EF5FF1D4F00915581076DAE97A2

Device Vendor: USB
Device Name: SanDisk 3.2Gen1
Device Revision: 0100

Manufacturer: USB
Product Model: SanDisk 3.2Gen1
Product Revision: 1.00

Controller Part-Number: Unknown

Artificial Intelligence Response

Direct answer to the question

  • The string of data you posted describes a genuine SanDisk-branded USB 3.2 Gen 1 flash drive (VID 0781 / PID 5591, “Ultra / Ultra Luxe” family, nominally 64 GB).
  • Although the device advertises USB 3.2 capability, the host currently enumerates it at “High-Speed” (USB 2.0, 480 Mb/s) instead of the expected “SuperSpeed” (USB 3.2 Gen 1, 5 Gb/s).
  • This downgrade is almost never a firmware setting inside the stick; it is caused by one of four factors:
    1. Non-SuperSpeed port, hub, cable or front-panel wiring.
    2. Out-of-date or mis-installed USB 3.x host-controller drivers / BIOS setup.
    3. Power or signal-integrity problems on the host connector (bent, dirty, oxidised pins).
    4. Hardware fault inside the flash drive’s SuperSpeed lane (rare but possible).

Key points
• Try the drive directly in a proven USB 3.x port on another machine.
• Update chipset / USB drivers and check BIOS “USB 3.x = Enabled”.
• Inspect/clean connectors; avoid USB 2.0-only cables and passive hubs.
• If every PC shows only High-Speed, the drive’s SuperSpeed pair is damaged – claim warranty.

Detailed problem analysis (most extensive section)

  1. USB capability negotiation fundamentals
    • During enumeration the stick first connects on the USB 2.0 D+/D- pair (mandatory for all devices).
    • It then advertises the Binary Device Object Store (BOS) descriptor that contains SuperSpeed capability.
    • The host port looks for the five additional SuperSpeed contacts (SSRX±, SSTX±, GND) recessed in the Type-A plug.
    • If any of those contacts are absent or have poor signal integrity, the host aborts the 5 Gb/s training sequence and falls back to High-Speed.

  2. Interpretation of your dump
    • “Protocol Version USB 3.20” → the device’s firmware tells the OS it is Gen 1 capable.
    • “Current Speed : High Speed” → negotiation fell back.
    • “Max Current 896 mA” → stick is requesting the higher power bucket defined for USB 3.x (USB 2.0 top is 500 mA). Power therefore is not the reason for downgrade; signal path is.

  3. Common root causes ranked by probability
    a. Port / wiring limitation
    – Front-panel headers in older PC cases often run only the USB 2.0 pair, even though the receptacle is blue.
    – Passive hubs or extension leads that claim “USB 3.0 compatible” sometimes have the extra pins absent.
    b. Driver / firmware
    – Windows 7/8 need the Intel / AMD USB 3.x eXtensible Host Controller (xHCI) driver manually; Win10/11 include it but OEM updates can fix errata.
    – BIOS settings like “Legacy USB” or “XHCI hand-off disabled” force the controller into EHCI (USB 2.0-only) mode.
    c. Connector contamination / mechanical wear
    – Dust, oxide or a slightly bent middle plastic tongue masks the back row of SS contacts while still letting the 4-pin USB 2.0 section touch.
    d. Drive hardware failure
    – The ASMedia / Phison controller inside some SanDisk sticks can lose SuperSpeed lanes after ESD or severe flexing. When that happens High-Speed still works, giving the symptoms you see.

  4. Performance expectations when fixed
    • SanDisk Ultra / Ultra Luxe 64 GB typically reach 100–150 MB/s sequential read and 20–60 MB/s write on large files, measured by CrystalDiskMark 8 or FIO.
    • At High-Speed you are capped to ≈ 38 MB/s raw bus bandwidth → real copy speeds 30 MB/s or less.

Current information and trends

• The confusing renaming of USB versions (USB 3.0 = USB 3.2 Gen 1 = 5 Gb/s) still causes user mis-matches.
• Modern motherboards (Intel 600-, 700-series, AMD AM5) expose USB 3.2 Gen 2×2 (20 Gb/s) and USB-C ports; legacy Type-A connectors may share internal hubs that revert to USB 2.0 when oversubscribed.
• Flash drives are moving to native USB-C controllers and higher-end NVMe-based sticks, but commodity USB-A drives like yours remain widespread.

Supporting explanations and details

USB pin-out Type-A (looking into receptacle):

 | ■ SSRX- | ■ SSRX+ | ■ GND | ■ SSTX- | ■ SSTX+ | (back row – SuperSpeed)
| VBUS | D- | D+ | GND | (front row – USB 2.0)

If the rear row is not seated or routed, only USB 2.0 modes are possible.

Analogy: think of USB 2.0 as a one-lane road and USB 3.x as a two-lane highway built behind it; you can still reach the destination, but traffic is slower if the rear lanes are closed.

Ethical and legal aspects

• Data security – always keep a backup before extensive testing; repeated plug/unplug cycles while troubleshooting can stress flash cycles.
• Warranty – SanDisk (Western Digital) offers a 5-year limited warranty; opening the casing voids it.
• USB-IF compliance – using non-certified cables/hubs can violate spec current limits and risk port damage.

Practical guidelines

Step-by-step checklist:

  1. Insert the stick directly into a known blue-tab USB 3.x port on the motherboard’s rear I/O (no hub, no extender).
  2. Observe in Windows > USBTreeView or Linux lsusb -t that the speed changes to “5000 M”.
  3. If not:
    • Update chipset / xHCI drivers from Intel/AMD OEM site.
    • Enter BIOS → enable “XHCI Mode = Smart Auto/Enabled”.
  4. Still no SuperSpeed? Inspect stick and port under lamp; clean with 99 % IPA and lint-free swab; reseat firmly.
  5. Test on a second PC or a modern laptop.
  6. If every system reports High-Speed only – initiate RMA with SanDisk, citing loss of SuperSpeed enumeration.

Potential challenges
• Embedded front-panel cables often too long / thin for 5 Gb/s. Route rear-I/O ports instead.
• Some docks supply only USB 2.0 on Type-A while USB-C ports stay 3.x; users overlook this.

Possible disclaimers or additional notes

• Consumer USB flash controllers generally have no public firmware upgrade path; avoid third-party “firmware tools” found online.
• Sustained write performance can drop once the SLC cache fills; this is normal behaviour (TLC NAND).
• Counterfeit drives exist; your VID/PID matches SanDisk, but capacity and speed tests (H2testw, F3) are recommended when purchased from unofficial resellers.

Suggestions for further research

• Analyse enumeration logs with the open-source USBPcap + Wireshark to see where the SuperSpeed negotiation fails.
• Monitor voltage droop on VBUS with a USB-C power meter-style inline gauge (many support Type-A adapters).
• Explore emerging USB4 / Thunderbolt 4 solutions for future removable-storage projects.

Brief summary

Your SanDisk Ultra/Ultra Luxe USB 3.2 Gen 1 stick is authentic but is presently limited to USB 2.0 mode. Nine times out of ten the cause is host-side (port, wiring, drivers); the remainder are connector contamination or an internal controller fault. Work through the port/driver/cleaning sequence; if every system refuses SuperSpeed, claim warranty replacement.

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