I did not find a voltage regulator on Mosfet N. Maybe the factory ones are in this technology, but they are usually sealed and you can't look. One thing is certain, these are one of the most emergency components in aggregates. The one I cobbled together should be more resilient. A description of the action. The voltage divider is on the...[Read more]

At the beginning, an explanation to the title - it is not a typical thermometer, because it does not measure anything, but simply displays the temperature taken by other sensors. However, I found the "temperature display" to sound strange. But "to the bedroom" has its justification, which I will write about later. Some history Indications...[Read more]

The growing popularity of VFD displays, their relatively low price and interesting appearance prompted me to build a clock based on such a display. The heart of the clock is one of the oldest specialized Soviet microcircuits for electronic clocks made in the p-MOS technology ??145??1911 (KR145IK1911) in a 40-DIP housing. The system has the...[Read more]

There are thousands of DIY mower projects online, this one probably doesn't stand out from the others, but since I haven't seen a similar project in this section for a long time, I decided to share my experience. This is the first prototype that verifies the basic assumptions in real life. The device during operation. The idea of...[Read more]

A simple but effective 2.4 GHz jammer. This module can block BT and Wi-Fi. I designed it so that the cost of its implementation was as low as possible due to the semiconductor crisis. The circuit includes a simple astable multivibrator with a square wave to saw converter for generating the VCO control signal. The 5.1V power supply is provided...[Read more]

Hello. This time analog retro. The AM receiver on the basis of the article from Young Technician from the 1980s. Radio to receive "Polish Radio Program I" on long wave, at 225kHz. The UL1111 radio is the first chip I have assembled. It was a "RADIO HOBBY" set bought around 1990. In the presented UL1111 receiver I replaced with BC847CW transistors....[Read more]

Hello I present my door control devices in my Opel Astra H. The device is based on the Atmega 168 and the MCP2515 module schematic for communication with the can bus. I used the HC-06 bluetooth module to communicate with the phone. The phone application was written in Mit App Inventor. Functions: - closing the door with the windows closed...[Read more]

Hello I've always wanted to build a musical tesla coil, but I was overwhelmed by the complexity of the design schematics found on the internet. Some time ago I found a schematic of a single transistor based coil and decided to improve it so that it could play sound. I decided to share the project so that others could make such a simple...[Read more]

The topic is related to: edu elektroda.pl # 04 operational amplifiers - LED current stabilization FAQ LED flashing to the beat of the music As you can see, a lot of space is devoted to LED flashing to the rhythm of the music and why set up a new, related topic? The reason for this is the designed chip, the Chinese putty, which needs the fewest...[Read more]

Hello, after a long break. This time the Chinese ... chip from Taiwan was used to build an IR remote for TV from LG. The remote control can turn on / off the TV, change the channel or the volume. The number of functions has been limited due to the small number of IO of the microcontroller. The used PFS154 can be changed to PMS150C after a...[Read more]

What some on the forum know is that I like LED blinking. In this project, I gave it the maximum vent and was able to get carried away by the wave to such an extent that by the end I had had enough :) You remember Earth Command Center by colleague @ reaven22? Yes, it was his design that was the inspiration for my construction and even for...[Read more]

Hello I would like to present the 1.9 DIY-A586 version, with the modifications that have come to my mind over the years. I skipped a few numbers so that I would not be tempted by another v1.x from XC6SLX9 :) . Differences: 32MB RAM, JOY1 / 2 without multiplexing, 2 flopps without additional circuits, 18.432MHz generator, space for THT LEDs,...[Read more]

Hi. I made a power supply, nothing innovative because it is a good construction that has been going through the internet for over a dozen years. With this construction, I put more emphasis on the design (at least I think so). Despite quite a long thought process, this power supply was not without mistakes. Fortunately, these errors do not...[Read more]

Another Nixie clock built by me, this time using ESP8266. The project is based on a schematic with software found somewhere in Russian forums. The lamps in the clock are the Z573M. For control, the NodeMCU v3 module, 74hc595 shift registers and k155id1 BCD decoders were used. The casing is made on a 3018 CNC milling machine from 10 mm plywood...[Read more]

Hello I would like to present the effect of my experiments with the Peltier cell. Such a cell is used, for example, in car coolers, after connecting the electricity, the phenomenon of heating of one side of the cell occurs while cooling the other. I began to wonder if it is possible to reverse the process, and thus provide such a cell with...[Read more]

I liked the Byrrt weather station Link So I decided to create my own, simpler and stupider version on the commonly available and cheap DS18B20, BMP180 and DHT11 sensors (but with a housing). I aimed at the readability of the information on the display, so there are no infographics, no "trends", etc. Indoor and outdoor temperature, pressure,...[Read more]

In this article, I will describe the reason for inventing and designing a tester for microSD memory cards, which will be used to check some interesting properties of cards. Cause of the uprising MMC / SD / microSD cards, apart from their natural applications, are also liked by fans of microcontrollers for several reasons: * can be used as...[Read more]

Good day. This year I have completed a project that I have been thinking about for a long time. It is an electronic protection of the lithium-ion battery (3s 12 V) against excessive discharge and, consequently, against permanent damage. The whole is in the form of a printed circuit board with a multi-turn potentiometer to adjust the operating...[Read more]

A few days ago one of the people asked me to "conjure" her joystick for Pegasus in the style of a stick (shuttlecock). These types of controllers were popular, for example, among Atari or Commodore consoles, while for Pegasus my eyes had never seen anything like that. So it was necessary to find some ready-made joystick and adjust its communication...[Read more]

I just thought that if anyone was interested, maybe they would benefit. The test project was created in EASYEDA and it even looks quite good, after Christmas I will start it. The project itself is available in four versions: with transistors: sap15, std03, darlingtons in MT 200 and TO3 housings, the last two versions are in the process of...[Read more]

For some time now, I became interested in network security and came across an article on how to make a Wi-Fi Jammer (deauthentication attack). I did not even suspect that you can make someone's life so easy and simple. To make a Jammer All we need is esp8266. The principle of operation is very simple. Our device pretends to be a router...[Read more]

The author of the following project, having no experience with Raspberry Pi, set about creating a simple air conditioning control system. As he did very well, he decided to create the following guide so that any other person could also build a similar device. Step 1: What you'll need To compile the system described below we need: * Raspberry...[Read more]

Do you have audio equipment that is too old to support Apple Airplay that you want to use? You don't want to replace it with lower-quality wireless speakers, but want to listen to music from the Internet? This is a common problem. The good news is that solving this problem costs as much as the Raspberry Pi - not much. Based on this minicomputer,...[Read more]

In the material below, the author describes how to use Arduino and an RFID reader to build a simple lock. In this system, Arduino reads the RFID tag ID with the help of a special reader. The identifier is displayed on the OLED screen, and if it matches the number stored in the system's memory, it displays the word "Unlocked", it can also...[Read more]

The project below is a weather station based on a module with ESP8266. There would be nothing special about it that distinguishes it from other such constructions, if not for the optimization of the system in terms of minimizing power consumption. The microcontroller used is not very energy-efficient, so it works on average in battery-powered...[Read more]

Currently, in the era of simple and inexpensive GSM modules and Arduino modules, it is very easy to construct an SMS-controlled relay. In the project below, the author used the SIM800L module to receive SMS messages. The whole system is controlled by the Arduino Nano V3 module. The system is equipped with one relay, which is controlled by...[Read more]

Thermal imagers have been fascinating for years. The idea that you can watch images in a part of the spectrum of electromagnetic radiation, inaccessible to our eyes on a daily basis, is extremely interesting and appealing. Unfortunately, the implementation of this task is not cheap - especially if we want to buy this type of camera only to...[Read more]

Microchip ATM90E26 is an integrated circuit dedicated to use in modern power consumption monitoring systems. It allows for easy integration with advanced monitoring systems of the power network within, e.g. our home. The use of such a system together with, for example, photovoltaic systems allows you to monitor the level of generated energy,...[Read more]

Most computer platforms have the ability to connect sensors that operate in the audio band (microphones) or in the visible light (e.g. cameras). However, sensors for electromagnetic radiation in the radio range are not popular and until recently it was difficult to connect to computers systems allowing for any collection of radio waves. In...[Read more]

Pigeon is a simple webcam, dedicated to work in the cloud. It is based on the Raspberry Pi Zero W, costing just $ 10. The minicomputer, together with the camera, are enclosed in a housing made in 3D printing technology. A simple handle is integrated with the housing, which allows it to be mounted anywhere, e.g. on the wall. The software itself,...[Read more]

In Brazil, the Raspberry Pi Zero overclocking record has just been set. The team managed to achieve a clock frequency of 1600 MHz and test such an extremely overclocked computer. This gave them the first place in April in the HWBOT ranking for SoC BCM2835, which is in RPi Zero. The whole overclocking began with one teaser on social networks,...[Read more]

The description below shows how you can convert a Raspberry Pi with a GSM modem to USB into a gateway for sending SMS via the web interface. The project was created using PHP and C #. The software that communicates with the modem is written in C #, and the web front-end in PHP. In addition, the system is equipped with a PostgreSQL database,...[Read more]

The environment monitoring system, based on the LoRa IoT interface, consists of a base station built using the Arduino Mega module with a LoRa gateway and remote stations based on the Arduino Feather, which connect to the base station via the LoRa radio interface. The system allows monitoring of environmental parameters in the house and its...[Read more]

Pi-FM-RDS is an FM radio transmitter equipped with RDS, running on Raspberry Pi. The GirHub downloadable program is responsible for generating a frequency modulated (FM) waveform with encoded RDS data (data transmission system with audio transmission). All this works in real time and is able to work with both mono and stereo audio signals....[Read more]

The electronic fuse eliminates the need to replace the element that burns out with excessive current when using a classic fuse, e.g. a fuse. This element does not act as a current limiter in any way - when it rises above the set limit, the system disconnects the circuit. The limiter would instead limit the flowing current to a predetermined...[Read more]

This simple device has one task - it converts received exiles, broadcast in a walrus alphabet, to Latin letters. This translator can find many applications. With it, you can train your morse broadcasting skills, but also decode data received from the ether. It may be amazing, but the walrus alphabet is still very popular in amateur radio,...[Read more]

This article will describe how to display and record car diagnostic information with a Raspberry Pi. Step 1: Required materials To complete this project you will need: o Raspberry Pi Model B or B + o Car stereo (must have an AUX socket) o Bluetooth adapter o Car charger o USB or Bluetooth adapter based on ELM327. o RCA cable o Keyboard (optional)...[Read more]

Spot welders are used in almost all plants where it is necessary to join sheets. The advantage of welding machines is the precision of joining (with very good electrical contact), and a very low voltage between the electrodes, which makes the device safe. The presented device is of course not a professional welding machine, but an amateur...[Read more]

Hello. I made a soldering iron for plastic. I saw a similar company, and that the construction is very simple and you have to pay for welding, it is worth doing. 5mm diameter, 2m of hose, a piece of cable with a plug. The required pressure is 0.5 ÷ 1.5 bar. I used a simple regulator on a triac to regulate the heater. And the cube to connect...[Read more]

The idea came from the fact that the 5-year-old daughter is willing to drive all kinds of vehicles. He packs on a motorcycle, he wants to drive the car, he stays in the tractor with his grandparents, etc. So I decided to build something for her that would allow to develop certain habits of the driver and provide a dose of adrenaline and child's...[Read more]

Hello. I am honored to present my present work committed in 15 minutes during the performance of works at the end of the world, i.e. in Central Poland. Needed was a flow meter with pulse output to control the chemistry dosing pump. Of course, there are ready-made flow meters / water meters with such a function, only that within a radius of...[Read more]

Hello a project done (almost a year ago) quickly in order to show the younger generation what can be done with the idea of some parts (the rest can be done). Hardware: Robot platform bought from China Adruino on the atmega 328 Double H-bridge controller for motor control Converter from 12V-> 5V for the webcam WiFi camera dcs-5222l Akku 11.1V...[Read more]

Hello. I would like to present an electro-spindle made by me from a 2.2kW 2800rpm "dachshund" type engine. The design was created for use in a small universal milling machine for machining aluminum and steel. I decided on my own design, because within the budget I would have to choose a liquid-cooled Chinese reaching 25 thousand rpm, but...[Read more]

Hello! I would like to present the Bethlehem Star I made two years ago. The entire structure is made of sheet metal. There are 78 5mm LEDs in the drilled holes (34 red, 33 yellow, 10 green, 1 blue). The star's tail is the ne555 + cd4017 base configuration. Three series-connected LEDs are connected to each counter output. The center of...[Read more]

Hello, I wanted to present a simple and proven (using the GLUCOFACTS Deluxe v3.05 program) cable to read data from the Bayer Contour TS glucometer.   Of course, there is nothing extraordinary here, and his advantage lies in simplicity. For anyone who needs to archive measurements from time to time and has a computer with an RS-232 port, it...[Read more]

The battery management system (BMS) is an essential component of any electric vehicle, tasked with monitoring the battery’s state of charge (SOC) and state of health (SOH). To operate reliably and over a long period, lithium-ion batteries must be used with particular care: They must never be completely discharged and the SOC must be...[Read more]

There was already an ARM for 16 cents , now we have ARM for 8 cents. Yes, eight. :) PY32F002/PY32F003 from PUYA are microcontrollers with ARM Cortex M0+ core clocked at 24/32MHz. PY32F002 have 20kB FLASH, 3kB RAM, SPI, USART, I2C, ADC, timers... nothing to complain about. PY32F003 additionally DMA and a few more timers, there is also a larger...[Read more]

Power Supply Design Notes: Thermal Simulations With the rising use of power technology, it is now necessary to monitor not only the electrical and electronic performance of the components but also their thermal behavior. The adoption of a generic model of a heatsink is highly important for ensuring that the safe operating area (SOA) of a specific...[Read more]

AC Analysis with PartSim PartSim is a web-based application that allows you to create and simulate electronic circuits online, without needing software to be installed on your computer. You’ll need only an internet connection and a browser. In this third PartSim series article, we will continue our journey through the possibilities offered...[Read more]

Power Supply Design Notes: Comparing Different Efficiencies of Devices This tutorial illustrates several simulations of power circuits driving resistive loads with different devices. Its purpose is is to find out which electronic switch, given the same power supply voltage and load impedance, is the most efficient. Switching devices over the...[Read more]

Power Supply Design Notes: Your First Boost Converter Boost converters are useful devices for designers because they solve a number of power problems at low, medium and high voltages. If it is necessary to reach a certain voltage, which might be higher then the one available, a voltage step-up converter will solve the issues. A boost converter,...[Read more]

The video presents a summary of the firmware change in the Tuya switch for WiFi 2.4GHz based on BK7231T (here WB3S). This particular switch, in order to change the firmware, required desoldering the touch button controller chip in the SOIC housing, because it occupied the UART line needed for programming. This problem does not always occur,...[Read more]

BK7231 is usually programmed via UART - this is allowed by the bootloader uploaded by the manufacturer. In exceptional situations, however, we can accidentally overwrite this bootloader - then we have to use the SPI programming mode to recover the blocked system. Here I will describe how the SPI mode works in BK7231 and I will present the...[Read more]

Hello, interested in building a simple analyzer - meter of 230V network parameters - single phase. The meter is based on the ESP32 module according to the diagram attached, and the whole system is not complicated. You will need the following parts to build the meter: 1 - ESP32 DEVKIT V1 module with 4 MB memory, as in the attached picture;...[Read more]

Hello, I'll show you how to make simple connections and automations between devices with Tasmota and OpenBeken (BK7231T / BK7231N / XR809 / T34 / BL602 / W600 / W601 / W800 / W801). Tasmota Device Groups, also known as DGR, is a protocol for connecting IoT devices to Tasmota's software into groups without the use of an external server - communication...[Read more]

Using commands with MQTT and NodeRed to operate a multi-relay unit from a single button This example uses a combination of event handlers in OpenBeken to send button presses to NodeRed, and a NodeRed node to track the button presses and flash a single LED on the device to provide a simple 'menu' of operations on the device. The intent is to...[Read more]

The video recorded with my assistant shows the process of changing the firmware of the WiFi module in the Tuya relay built on the BK7231 (here: BK7231N/CB2S) taking into account possible difficulties, such as additional elements that hinder programming connected to the paths from the UART. A still from the film for encouragement: The difficulties...[Read more]

This is a short teardown of the E27 A60-Bulb LED RGBCCT which is based on BK7231T Basic Informations: Brand: Tuya Model: E27 A60-Bulb LED RGBCCT Chip: BK7231T (WB2L) Vendor: Got it discounted from a local marketplace, but I'm pretty sure the same bulb is available in aliexpress provided it's in the same packaging as below. My unit was sold...[Read more]

Today, together with my assistant, I will present you a RGBCW bulb flashing guide, including WiFi SMD module with a cheap soldering iron. We will flash OpenBeken to WB2L_M1 from BK7231N (i.e. equivalent to older WB2L with BK7231T) so that you can free the LED lamp from the cloud and connect it to Home Assistant. Everything will be shown step...[Read more]

Product information Tuya 4 CH touch switch for Roma fitting for Indian homes, it has CB3S chip (BK7231N) Technical Specs TuyaMCU: T1616-N TH 2720E (ATTINY1616) Darlington transistor array ULN2003A Relay: 5A 230V x 4 Power Module: HLK-PM01L This switch consists of 3 board, soldered with long header pins, Top board is the controller board, top...[Read more]

Protium 4 Gang ON/Off Modular Smart Switch, Fit on 2 Module of Roma Plate for Indian homes. This device has WB3S (BK7231T) chip and TuyaMCU Product Images How to open The switch touch plate is mounted to the housing with 4 clips, 2 on each sides. Gently press the clips inside and then push out towards the touch plate Teardown WB3S is sandwiched...[Read more]

Hello, today I will present how to tame another Chinese WiFi + Bluetooth microcontroller, the W800-C400 produced by WinnerMicro. At the moment, you can buy it for about 3$, while the development board costs about 5$ and both of these prices already include the shipment. Of course, I will not use such a board here, but continuing my tradition...[Read more]

In this thread I'll explain how to re-flash this TuyaMCU smartswitch with OpenBeken and connect it to HomeAssistant . OpenBeken is an alternative, open source software for IoT devices, offering, among others independence from the manufacturer's cloud, compatibility with many ecosystems, configurability and support for various platforms, including...[Read more]

Hello everyone. Recently, I have measured several dozen handheld antennas and 3 car antennas in the amateur 2m and 70cm ranges in an amateur way. Here is the list: 01 Retevis RHD771 (2.15dBi) Aliexpress RETEVIS Official Store 03 Nagoya NA-771 (2.15dBi) Aliexpress? 07 Yaesu VX-6R Factory attached to the radio 08 Wouxun KG-UV8D Factory attached...[Read more]

The Nous Smart socket A1 contains a BK7231N and BL0942 power monitor. The BK7231N is soldered to one of the pcbs and is not on a separate module. Disassembly of the device is easy as there is a triangular screw under a paper label stuck onto the transparent plastic part of the socket. Inside are 3 pcbs, one contains a switched mode 12V power...[Read more]