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Windows and Linux. Two hard drives in one computer, safe switching.

glecki 5451 18
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Can I choose one hard drive at boot so the other stays invisible and safe when installing or testing Linux distributions?

Yes—use the BIOS boot menu to choose the drive at startup, or disable the other drive in BIOS if your motherboard supports it; there is no separate program before GRUB that does this [#16956098] [#16954698] If your BIOS cannot disable individual drives, a hot-swap HDD bay or physically disconnecting the drive is the practical hardware solution [#16954551] When installing a test Linux, disconnect the disk with Windows/Ubuntu so the installer cannot detect or modify it [#16956098] [#16957891] After booting Linux from its own disk, it normally will not damage the other disk unless you explicitly mount or write to it [#16954551]
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  • #1 16954532
    glecki
    Level 21  
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    The computer has one hard drive installed on which there are two systems: Ubuntu and Windows 7. I have very important data in both Ubuntu and Windows. If I want to "play" with other Linux distributions, I disconnect the power supply to this disk and plug in a hard disk with nothing important on it and install other Linux distributions on it. Unfortunately, this means that the computer is constantly running in order to be able to switch disks. Is there any possibility for the program to select one of the disks while booting the computer and the other to be "invisible"? As mentioned above on Ubuntu and Windows I have very important data, so it is very important that the "fun" distributions do not cause any changes to the disk with these two systems.
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  • #2 16954551
    viayner
    Level 43  
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    Hello,
    I see a few solutions, for example:
    - disk pocket
    - activation / deactivation in bios as you have these options
    - switch on the power cable :)
    - linuxes do not mount the default disks other than their own system so why would something happen, unless you want to protect yourself from inattention. Unless you are using the "experimental" versions that don't know what they are doing.
    - backup copies :)
    greetings
  • #3 16954559
    kiss39
    Level 39  
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    @glecki for fun and getting to know Linux (native) I recommend 2-in-1 Linux distributions, i.e. Fedore (free) and certified Red Hat Enterprise Linux. By training on Fedora, you can take the RHEL Certification Exam.

    glecki wrote:
    As mentioned above on Ubuntu and Windows I have very important data
    Copy important data to a USB stick.
    glecki wrote:
    In Ubuntu and Windows I have very important data. If I want to "play" with other Linux distributions, I disconnect the power supply to this disk and plug in a hard disk with nothing important on it and install other Linux distributions on it. Unfortunately, this means that the computer is constantly running in order to be able to switch disks.

    This is done in Linux by the GRUB option, ie the "System selection menu" to run. This requires the user to configure themselves in the grub.conf file

    GRUB - changing the order of systems, adding etc. eg this is what it is like in Linux Fedora - fedora.pl - GRUB - https://wiki.fedora.pl/wiki/GRUB
  • #4 16954578
    viayner
    Level 43  
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    Hello,
    since my colleague "glecki" has wines on one disk and linux I assumed that he knows what it is and uses grub.
    I think my friend is rather concerned about mounting this disk on other distributions that I am testing.
    greetings
  • #5 16954626
    glecki
    Level 21  
    Posts: 409
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    Colleagues, thank you for the answers.
    My friend "viayner", of course I know what GRUB is, and as you wrote, I can't afford to "spill" the disk from Win and Ubuntu. When a man learns and tests various configurations, he sometimes makes mistakes, which is why the security of the Win and Ubuntu drive is so important to me. Recently, I crashed GRUB on Ubuntu and Fedora. Good thing it was on a test disk, let me add that I install and test very different distributions, so GRUB itself doesn't do the trick.
    From your suggestions, the HDD pocket is the most satisfying. As I understand from your statements, there is no program that would install a given disk for me before GRUB and disconnect another one.
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  • #6 16954698
    viayner
    Level 43  
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    Hello,
    This program is BIOS,
    why in bios you do not deactivate the disk? does not have this option?
    greetings
  • #7 16954724
    sylweksylwina
    Moderator of Computers service
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    Just unless you don't mount the disk in question, unless you type strange things into fdisk :P
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  • #8 16954872
    glecki
    Level 21  
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    Unfortunately, in the BIOS I cannot disable individual drives. I admit that I have not yet encountered such a function in the BIOS.
    Buddy "sylweksylvania" what do you mean when you say "It's enough unless you don't mount the drive"?
    I have two drives connected. I start my computer, boot from CD-ROM and start installing another Linux. At what point should I not mount one of the drives?
  • #9 16956098
    Anonymous
    Anonymous  
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  • #10 16956228
    yogi009
    Level 43  
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    Christophorus wrote:
    I have solved it on my computer in such a way that I have two physical disks.


    This is a solution, although in my opinion two disks can be used more optimally. On one both working systems, and the other working as a mirror. If we do not want to play with hardware solutions in this area, there is an automatic incremental backup (in Linux it works great, and it is an inherent feature of the system).

    The author has a different fun here, adding another system to one hard drive, at best, can introduce unwanted changes to the startup program (grub2 mentioned here). There is a simple remedy for this, just copy the correct configuration of the grub and restore it after a possible crash. You can also run the grub installer (we run the linux system from the disc / flash drive and manually mount the appropriate partitions), but it requires a bit of knowledge and skills to work in the console.

    Certainly with such work it is absolutely necessary to make a list of all valid partitions with a description of their types and purpose. Also, remember that the same partitions are displayed differently on different systems. And here we have to be sure that these are our correct partitions, so as not to accidentally delete some strategic data for us.

    In the past, a very convincing method in such situations was the use of two disk bays, but over time this solution was withdrawn from the market. It is always the next row of mechanically working contact joints, the additionally removed hard drives got more to the bone when they were moved / moved.
  • #11 16956351
    glecki
    Level 21  
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    Buddy Yogi009
    The second disk working as a mirror will mirror everything I do on the first, including errors. Incremental backup in Linux works great, but not necessarily in Windows. GRUB backup is a good solution, but Windows crashed after restoring GRUB properly.
    So far I have used such a somewhat primitive solution, but it works :-D

    Windows and Linux. Two hard drives in one computer, safe switching.
  • #12 16956390
    yogi009
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    glecki wrote:
    but not necessarily in Windows


    It depends on the backup tool.

    glecki wrote:
    Windows crashed after restoring GRUB to normal


    And what method did you "restore" it?
  • #13 16957312
    glecki
    Level 21  
    Posts: 409
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    Dude Yogi009 ..... I saved the correct GRUB files and coped them to the right place after problems. Sometimes it helped, sometimes not. It goes without saying that GRUB has always worked fine with Windows and one Linux distribution, but GRUB has had different problems with two or more Linux systems. Backup and then restoration is time-consuming, so in my case it is not possible, especially since I backup on external USB drives.

    Added after 3 [minutes]:

    Besides, I never really focused on GRUB. I came to the conclusion that if I choose a distribution that will suit me one hundred percent, I will install one with Windows and it will stay that way :-D
  • #14 16957649
    yogi009
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    I still think restoring is not a hassle. You only need to make a copy of the grub2 configuration on the same disk (in the same partition), it is optimal to make a separate boot partition. A restore by booting from the media (disc / flash drive) and a few commands in the console. Assuming you haven't changed anything in the basic Linux and windows main layout, both systems should be working as normal.
  • #15 16957891
    Anonymous
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  • #16 16957964
    yogi009
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    Christophorus wrote:
    However, running sudo apt-get upgrade will cause Grub to "find" other disks with other systems, which I perceive as an undesirable effect on my computer.


    This is bookish behavior, you issue a command to update grub and he finds all the systems on the computer.

    By the way, the real fun begins when you add phenomena called lux and lvm to this puzzle. :-) I used to sit over this ugly "Sacrébleu!" in French :-)
  • #17 16958022
    Anonymous
    Anonymous  
  • #18 16958057
    yogi009
    Level 43  
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    Christophorus wrote:
    I know this, but it is not always the desired action


    Yes, yes, that is clear. Think I tried 3-4 systems on one disk, the other as an archive and all Lux + LVM.
  • #19 21815463
    pestek54
    Level 1  
    Posts: 1
    I have an HP, I had Win 10, I uploaded Winux alongside Win 10, except that I have two disks, one has Win 10 on it and the other has Winux on it. At startup, when I want Winux, at the beginning of the startup I press F12 and Winux loads. If I don't press anything, Win 10 loads and both systems run fine.

    Moderated By ArturAVS:

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Topic summary

✨ The discussion revolves around managing dual hard drives in a computer setup with Ubuntu and Windows 7, focusing on safely switching between operating systems without risking data loss. Users suggest various solutions, including using a disk pocket, BIOS settings for activation/deactivation, and configuring GRUB to select the desired operating system at boot. Concerns are raised about the potential for accidental mounting of important data drives when testing new Linux distributions. Some users share their experiences with physically disconnecting drives during installations to prevent issues with GRUB and data integrity. The conversation highlights the importance of backups and careful management of system configurations to avoid complications when experimenting with multiple operating systems.
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FAQ

TL;DR: For safe switching, keep two physical disks and choose the boot drive from the BIOS menu—"I press the F8 key." This keeps test installs from touching your main data. [Elektroda, 65469, post #16956098]

Why it matters: It prevents experimental Linux installs from breaking Windows or your primary Linux setup.

Quick Facts

What’s the safest way to switch between Windows and Linux on two drives?

Use two separate physical drives. Enable the BIOS boot menu and select the drive at startup. This avoids cross-writing bootloaders. One user runs Windows on one disk and Linux on the other and selects the disk with F8. [Elektroda, 65469, post #16956098]

Can I avoid using GRUB altogether for dual-boot?

Yes. Skip GRUB chaining and choose the OS drive directly from the BIOS boot menu. Enable the one-time boot menu key (e.g., F8) and pick the target disk whenever you start the PC. This keeps boot sectors independent. [Elektroda, 65469, post #16956098]

How do I keep a test Linux install from touching my Windows disk?

Physically disconnect the Windows disk during the Linux installation. Reconnect it after the installer finishes. Then use the BIOS boot menu to choose the OS disk at startup. This isolates GRUB from the Windows drive. [Elektroda, 65469, post #16956098]

Will Linux damage my Windows data if both drives stay connected?

No, not by itself. After booting Linux, you can read Windows data, and Linux won’t damage that disk unless you do something intentionally. The risk comes from installers or misconfiguration, not routine use. [Elektroda, 65469, post #16956098]

My BIOS can’t disable individual drives. What are my options?

Some boards lack per-drive disable. Use the one-time BIOS boot menu for selection and physically unplug or use a drive pocket when installing new distros. This keeps test changes away from the primary disk. [Elektroda, glecki, post #16954872]

Is a hot-swap bay or external pocket a good idea for distro testing?

Yes. The thread author found a drive pocket the most satisfying approach for swapping test disks. It simplifies isolation and reduces the chance of altering your main OS drive. [Elektroda, glecki, post #16954626]

Why does GRUB suddenly list other operating systems after updates?

Updating GRUB (e.g., via apt-get upgrade) triggers a scan and adds detected OSes. That’s expected. If you don’t want this, avoid GRUB managing multiple drives or keep other disks disconnected during updates. [Elektroda, 65469, post #16957891]

GRUB broke after adding a second Linux. What happened?

Users report GRUB works fine with Windows plus one Linux, but problems appear with two or more Linux installs. Complex layouts increase failure risk. Keep systems isolated per drive to reduce breakage. [Elektroda, glecki, post #16957312]

How do I quickly restore GRUB if it fails?

Keep a copy of grub2 configuration on the disk, ideally with a separate /boot. Boot from a live USB, mount partitions, then reinstall or restore config. “A few commands in the console” usually fix it. [Elektroda, yogi009, post #16957649]

Why did Windows fail after I restored GRUB?

One user restored GRUB correctly but Windows still crashed. Bootloader fixes can’t undo prior partition or boot record changes. Isolate disks during installs to prevent cascaded failures. Restore from backup if Windows won’t boot. [Elektroda, glecki, post #16956351]

What’s an easy 3-step workflow to test new Linux distros safely?

  1. Disconnect the Windows/primary drive.
  2. Install or test Linux on the secondary drive.
  3. Reconnect both and select the boot drive via the BIOS menu at each start. [Elektroda, 65469, post #16956098]

Is there a BIOS “switch” to hide a drive from installers?

Sometimes. “This program is BIOS,” as one user put it, and some firmware lets you deactivate a drive. If yours doesn’t, use physical disconnects or a drive pocket instead. [Elektroda, viayner, post #16954698]

Does Windows support incremental backups as well as Linux?

It depends on the tool. Linux offers strong built-in options, while Windows reliability varies by software. Pick a proven tool and test restores before experimenting with multi-boot setups. [Elektroda, yogi009, post #16956390]

How messy can multi-boot get on one disk?

Very. One contributor “tried 3–4 systems on one disk,” adding LUKS and LVM, and called it challenging. More layers increase complexity and bootloader risk. Keep test systems on a separate drive. [Elektroda, yogi009, post #16958057]

Should I mirror my main disk to stay safe while experimenting?

A mirror copies everything, including mistakes. If you delete or corrupt data, the mirror replicates it. Prefer versioned, incremental backups so you can roll back to a good state. [Elektroda, yogi009, post #16956228]
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