AC-DC Converter 5 V

Hey,

I hope you all good. I want to ask you about AC-DC Converter circuit which gives 5 V,I saw a lot of circuits on internet but each one is different from the other,so I don't know which one to choose. Some of them uses different number of capacitors and sometimes they contain transistors and others don't.
I need it for mobile charger.

Thank you in advance.

Hi Sa'ed,

I believe a power supply counts as an AC-DC Converter since it transforms an AC input to a smoothened DC output that is used in devices that require DC. For a basic power supply though, it contains capacitors that act as filters to remove ripples from the pulsating DC output from the diode bridge. The transistors you are referring to are regulators that "regulate" the DC. You want a 5-V output (I assume you mean +5V), so you should use a 7805 Regulator IC. The 78XX Series is for positive voltage regulation. The last two numbers determine the voltage output you desire (it is 05 in this case because you want a +5V output).

For this, you would need to create your power supply(that is if a pre-made charger is really unavailable)
Power Supplies have may have different circuits and components but they operate in the same principle. You need transformers, rectifiers, filters, and regulators to complete the power supply.
The transformer is needed to step down your AC voltage from the 110V AC or 220V AC to a considerably lower level which your components can safely operate on. The rectifier (a combination of Diodes) whether half wave or full wave rectifier, will convert your AC voltage into DC. The filters are commonly composed of capacitors which reduces the ripple of your rectified AC voltage. The regulators are then used to maintain the level of your output (in this case 5V); you may use a Zener regulator or a an IC regulator(a combination of transistors and zener regulators), but I would suggest you use the IC regulator 7805 because its more reliable than a zener regulator.

you may refer to this for the calculations and design considerations.

http://webstaff.kmutt.ac.th/~suwat.pat/material/ene212 ch 15 Power Supply.pdf