Maybe I will give you how it is all "plumbers' way", huh?
Well, it is enough if you take the demand of 40W / m?, that is 100W per m? of a standard room. Such heating will be comfortable down to about -25 ° C outside. Each "improvement" results in -5W, each "ambush" and we add those 5W.
So, for example, plastic windows - 35W, "cold" aluminum joinery, or old wooden windows - 45W.
The demand is calculated for the low parameters 55/45
The table that someone provided earlier regarding the change of parameters is useless - it concerns the installation of the so-called "gravitational" - as of today practically no-one does them anymore (because no-one can do it anymore).
+ poncho666
You've got a heat bridge, mate, probably over that wretched ceiling. I suggest insulating, vapor barrier foil + 2/3 layer of 50mm hard mineral wool - first layer preferably with alu foil + vapor permeable foil. All gaps should be sealed with duct tape and at the walls additionally with polyurethane foam.
Yes, polystyrene is cheaper, but rodents and fungi love it, so if the insulation will be under the screed, there may be polystyrene, if it is covered with some OSB board or nothing, it is better to give cotton wool and have peace for several dozen years.
The second reason for the underheating of the room can only be a too small radiator.
As for the discussion on the superiority of cast iron, steel or other radiators ... it is pointless. The thermal resistance of the radiator material is negligible in the calculations of the demand, and the amount of refill in the radiator only changes the thermal inertia of the CO system and is also irrelevant for installations up to 50kW. It is better to check if the radiators you buy have a radiator along its entire length, with low parameters it is of great importance! A large percentage of DIY store customers learned about it painfully. And one more thing. When buying a new heater, please check how long the warranty is, heaters with a warranty lower than 7-10 years are practically scrap.
I wish you warmth and best regards
Arek