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icastaneda7 wrote:

(+) -----[R1]-----[R2]----- (-)

Added after 1 [hours] 50 [minutes]:

It seems like you're describing a simple resistive circuit with two resistors (R1 and R2) connected in series between a positive terminal (+) and a negative terminal (-). This is a basic voltage divider circuit, which is commonly used in electronics to reduce a voltage to a desired level.

Voltage Divider Circuit Overview

A voltage divider is a linear circuit that produces an output voltage (Vout) that is a fraction of its input voltage (Vin). The output voltage is taken from the junction between the two resistors.

Circuit Diagram



Key Components:
- R1 and R2: Two resistors connected in series.
- Vin: The input voltage applied across the series combination of R1 and R2.
- Vout: The output voltage taken from the junction between R1 and R2.

Formula for Output Voltage:
The output voltage (Vout) can be calculated using the following formula:

$$ V_{out} = V_{in} \times \frac{R2}{R1 + R2} $$

Example Calculation:
Let’s assume:
- Vin = 12V
- R1 = 10kΩ
- R2 = 5kΩ

Using the formula:

$$ V_{out} = 12V \times \frac{5kΩ}{10kΩ + 5kΩ} = 12V \times \frac{5}{15} = 12V \times 0.333 = 4V $$

So, the output voltage (Vout) would be 4V.

Applications of Voltage Divider:
- Level Shifting: Reducing a higher voltage to a lower level suitable for other circuits.
- Sensor Circuits: Reading sensor outputs that vary resistance with changes in the measured quantity (e.g., light, temperature).
- Biasing: Providing bias voltages in amplifier circuits.

Practical Considerations:
- Power Dissipation: Ensure that the resistors can handle the power dissipation, calculated as $ P = V^2 / R $.
- Loading Effects: If a load is connected to Vout, it will affect the output voltage. To minimize this, the load resistance should be much larger than R2.

Would you like more information on how to choose resistor values or how to apply this circuit in a specific application?