short circuit

how to design a complete circuit that show the circuit are having short circuit???

Could U please elaborate the question please?

short circuit occurs when the positive and negative terminals of a battery are connected together with a low-resistance conductor, With low resistance in the connection, a high current exists, causing the cell to deliver a large amount of energy in a short time. i need to design a circuit based on that information.

Sounds like you just need to measure the current. How do you want to indicate that there is a short circuit?

Which literally translated to English as:
…. Rizal Mohd. Janah said the incident was noticed by a staff who saw the smoke coming from the main switch before the fire reached the roof.

Based on the article given, you are required to investigate the possible causes that triggered the incident. At the end of the investigation, you should produce a complete report on the cause and how to prevent it from happening again.

(that is my assignment question )

do you mean i need to measure the current to prove there is a short circuit? I indicate the short circuit when the circuit are having over load current. then, how to show the circuit are having over load current???

by chance can U try using a comparator (op amp) and compare the current levels??
I mean U know the specification of current in ur system , so why not compare the current in the ckt and the current U give as reference? and yes if there is an increase feedback that current to indicate that there is an increase .( this is only for indication)

based on your explanation i understand that i need to make a comparison between reference current and the current in the circuit. but i need more explanation about reference current. what do you mean by reference current??

I guess you know the current specifications in ur system!! I mean while you were designing the system you must have also checked upon the amperes range right?
Okay If not current , cant you try comparing voltages ??as when there is a short circuit the voltage differnce should be zero , so route that voltage and compare it with a refernce voltage( I am not guessing on the refernce voltage as what sought of a circuit you are working on is not know by me) and feedback that amplication to the source or any indicating device!!! (this is in pure hardware terms)!!
If not you could use a microcontroller to sense it and strike an alarm!!!

What is the circuit supposed to do if there is a short circuit?