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Ground Floor Flat: Detecting Neighbors' Cooking & Cigarette Smells via Ventilation Grille

Vaclav79 121527 36
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How can I stop neighbor cooking and cigarette smells from coming back through my kitchen ventilation grille, and how do I check whether the gravity ventilation has backdraft?

The most likely cause is weak or reversed gravity ventilation, usually made worse by very tight windows and poor fresh-air supply, so you need to restore airflow and verify the draft rather than just sealing things up [#12246734] [#14489438] Check the vent with a match, candle, or tissue paper, both with windows closed and open; if the draft improves when you open a window or use micro-ventilation, the apartment is too tight and the ventilation is starved of air [#12246734] [#12247102] [#12248073] Do not cut seals indiscriminately or block the grille; instead use micro-ventilation or window diffusers to supply fresh air, because closing the vents or adding random grille inserts can reduce exhaust and make the problem worse [#12247515] [#12372401] [#14493169] Report the problem to the building administration/ADM and ask the chimney sweep for a written inspection of the duct, including whether any neighboring flats have fans or hoods illegally connected to the ventilation and whether the ducts are shared or leaky [#12250129] [#12246734] [#15289974] This is also a safety issue because you have a gas stove/heater, so the ventilation must work reliably even if the smells are intermittent [#12250129] [#15289974]
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  • #31 14489438
    kwantor
    Level 38  
    Posts: 4263
    Help: 352
    Rate: 1225
    The problem is too tight windows. In the past, such problems did not occur. A fairly good draft is also a problem because there is a significant negative pressure that sucks in where there is air. Windows are not allowed in, because they are almost hermetic, so the slightest difference in the sequence in individual rooms causes these backflows. If we continue to increase it extremely, we will suck water from the toilet bowl and maybe we will get bulging eyes :) )
    Pity the money for heating and airing? Well, that's what recuperators were invented for.
    It is not easy to use them in blocks, but it can also be done with the appropriate amount of work and cash.
    I know use the micro-ventilation function, every window has it, or let's tilt it and that's it. Any strange grids will not help here, as above.
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  • #32 14491084
    Eryk1000
    Level 17  
    Posts: 395
    Help: 4
    Rate: 150
    And this is interesting, I have a kitchen window with micro-ventilation open to full flow and it does not help, today I go into the kitchen and here he bangs his hood, apparently the neighbors were cooking. The problem is common ventilation, chimneys should be separate. In the kitchen, apparently, the ventilation chimney is connected with the others. In the bathroom, there is no problem whether the window is closed or open, the line is always in the right direction. At the next visit of the chimney sweep, I will report the problem, let him worry about something else. Alternatively, the installation of this grille with a non-return flap then the air is not pressed back from the ventilation chimney, just the flap will close as if there was no ventilation. Probably many people will be outraged by the fact that there is no ventilation in a closed circuit, but I will ask what is the air that I am blowing in instead of going out, and in addition it is used air.
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  • #33 14492419
    konsum
    Level 27  
    Posts: 1496
    Help: 99
    Rate: 289
    Maybe one of the neighbors uses an absorber that is connected to ventilation. Report the matter to the chimney sweep
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  • #34 14493169
    zolwiks
    Level 11  
    Posts: 23
    Rate: 1
    Ventilation odors do not always get through the ventilation duct. Sometimes they fall through leaks in the building itself or from the outside through the air flow from the window.
    If the ventilation works well for you, air is sucked in from outside. On one floor below, someone opens a window while cooking and a beautiful smell comes with the air into your apartment.

    In order to assess gravity ventilation, it is necessary to understand the mechanism of its operation. If there are any mistakes, it sometimes becomes quite a mystery. Overall, it's really hard to advise anyone remotely. Each case is individual and apart from the technical elements, there are also the habits of the inhabitants.

    @berez
    The grate with cones inside is a well-packed piece of plastic and polystyrene that is worth nothing. We bought one for testing and it will actually block the reverse thrust, but it will also limit the effective exhaust. The same can be done by pushing cotton wool into the vent. The grille is inconsistent with the Polish Standard for ventilation in buildings. Proper operation of the ventilation is regulated at the inlet and the temperature inside the room, not at the outlet.
    Don't buy this crap ;)
  • #35 14745768
    kingtlen
    Level 9  
    Posts: 37
    Rate: 2
    I warmly welcome

    I have a similar problem. Well, I bought a new terraced house from the developer, I am terribly irritated by the smell of tobacco smoke in the morning when I go down to the kitchen. The smell is coming out of the kitchen hood for mine. I figured out that my neighbor is smoking and he blows on the hood. These channels are somehow connected and feel at my place. There was a developer and he stated after checking that everything was ok. The chimney sweep I called on this issue could not be commented on. The only thing he said after the anemometer test was that there was no draft in the ventilation duct in the downstairs toilet. Again, the developer came with a camera and found everything ok. My most important question is why I can smell tobacco smoke in the kitchen.

    best regards
  • #36 14754271
    Stefanoo
    Level 11  
    Posts: 17
    Help: 1
    Rate: 3
    kingtlen wrote:
    I warmly welcome

    I have a similar problem. Well, I bought a new terraced house from the developer, I am terribly irritated by the smell of tobacco smoke in the morning when I go down to the kitchen. The smell is coming out of the kitchen hood for mine. I figured out that my neighbor is smoking and he blows on the hood. These channels are somehow connected and feel at my place. There was a developer and he stated after checking that everything was ok. The chimney sweep I called on this issue could not be commented on. The only thing he said after the anemometer test was that there was no draft in the ventilation duct in the downstairs toilet. Again, the developer came with a camera and found everything ok. My most important question is why I can smell tobacco smoke in the kitchen.

    best regards


    It is difficult to deal with it at a distance, but if you have found that you smell the smell from the cooker hood, then install the non-return flap as shown in the photo, but remember that it has a gasket http://www.harmann.pl/files/Image/produkty/rsk_big.jpg
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  • #37 15289974
    f25
    Level 1  
    Posts: 1
    Rate: 3
    Ladies and gentlemen,

    One by one ... I have a similar problem and I feel I have come a little further in answering a few questions. Let me share this.

    Bathroom and total blackness ... I did a renovation and it would be a pity to go back to the state before, so I started counting checking etc.

    1. Gravity ventilation in large slab blocks works (or at least that was the plan) like this:
    a) the air vents act as exhaust hoods in the apartment
    b) "otherwise tight" window joinery was to provide fresh air
    c) additionally large (20 x 40 cm) air "inlets" in the drying room and laundry room through - successively - the basement corridor, staircase and door to the apartment were to supplement this balance.

    Ad 1c:
    The flight through the drying room, laundry room and the staircase "wet" from the snow (actually water) provided humidification of the air and drying - successively - washing, "potatoes" and stairs (simple but beautiful!) And also delivered pre-heated air to the house.

    2. Implementation:
    a) the foremen did not always manage to "hit" the plate in such a way as to get to the right chimney, so at best the total number of "entries" to the chimney is correct, but for every second floor to be there, it had to be really good. The plates were standardized and usually a prefabricated opening allowed access to one of the two adjacent shafts. So the plates should be alternately placed from the ground floor upwards. Sometimes the opening was large enough to cover both wires and then the redundant was bricked up, which again was not always "tight".
    b) sometimes, when the spout was generously made, it often "splashed" with a thin mortar into the leaky chimney, partially or completely concreting it (the chimney is a set of "blocks with a hole" on top of each other).

    3. Modernization ...
    a) inserting airtight windows - air does not enter the apartment ...
    b) sealing the door - noise, but also the air from the staircase does not enter
    c) tight door to the basement - the air does not enter the staircase - usually less drama, because the main entrance door is rarely a "demon of tightness".
    d) sealing "holes" in the laundry or drying room - that is, limiting the air intake to the building.

    4. Better solutions:
    a) air intake under the sill, by the radiator (like "at grandma's", but not necessarily 20cm x 20cm ... 2cm x 5cm is enough).
    b) the entrance threshold with the "labyrinth" inside - the air enters from the staircase and the noise is less.
    c) "Rooster" on the top of the chimney - provides an additional "exhaust" effect thanks to the wind blowing on the top.

    5. I advise against:
    a) cutting out seals in the window and diffusers: from the window too much $$$ from 0 W / m?C becomes a "cooler". The seals form air chambers where standing air, being fairly close to the vacuum, is an insulator. As this air begins to move and be cold it becomes a coolant.
    b) clogging the vents: fans of radon (a big plate, but not so much after so many years), moisture, carbon monoxide and their stench know better.

    6. Diagnostics
    a) If the apartment is simply too tight, the air should "stand" on the grilles.
    b) If one chimney draws in "like a fool" and the other "blows", it means that something is wrong with the obstruction.
    c) If the string appears only after the window has been tilted and not unsealed, it means that we make a "draft" on the higher floor to the neighbor between "its grilles" :)
    d) We disassemble the grille and look up and down using a mirror or a phone camera. Usually, we won't see the sky, because there is a small roof over the outlet to prevent it from falling.
    e) A trip to the roof and lowering the round weight on a string (so that it does not get stuck, because it will not support ventilation), or a filming phone (only with nice neighbors taking a bath ;) )
    [The so-called a note, do not do it alone at home, because, according to the letter of the law, the very entrance to the roof requires a height license and the consent of the building manager]
    f) Gravity ventilation works better when the temperature inside the building is higher than outside - "warm air goes up", so in winter and with the heating on, the ventilation works better, otherwise, something is wrong.

    7. Advantages of efficient ventilation:
    a) You will survive - if you have gas stoves - CO is very "media" after it works. It works unnoticed.
    b) Lower heating bills - when moisture accumulates in the air, it soaks into the walls (and concrete becomes a weaker insulator), then "this moisture" also needs to be reheated, and the specific heat of the water is very high.
    c) Better well-being: people need oxygen, they exhale carbon dioxide. Man will experience lower oxygen and higher carbon dioxide, but just wait for pharmacists to start selling "Paracetamol: The Broken Chimney and The Bite Head."
    d) The dishes and clothes are dried in the dryer
    e) There is no black raid on colder walls
    f) Water does not condense on the windows.
    g) Don't be ashamed to invite people (guests enter and the smell of bigos from a week ago in the house ...)

    To sum up:
    Let's remember two simple principles on which gravity ventilation is based:
    - warmer air rises
    - in order for the air to come out from somewhere, it must first enter

    Sorry for the excess of colloquialisms, but I would like to be understood by as many readers as possible. I will add right away that I am not related to construction by profession, but I hold the title of an engineer. I acquire knowledge practically and verify it before I start writing something.

Topic summary

✨ The discussion revolves around a ground floor flat experiencing unpleasant odors from neighbors' cooking and cigarette smoke, primarily through the kitchen ventilation grille. The original poster seeks advice on checking the ventilation system, suspecting that the ducts may not be functioning correctly. Responses highlight that each flat should ideally have separate ventilation ducts, and issues may arise from tight windows, reverse airflow, or improper installation of mechanical ventilation by neighbors. Suggestions include performing a flame test to check for airflow, considering the installation of non-return flaps, and ensuring proper sealing of ventilation ducts. The importance of safety regarding gas appliances and the need for adequate ventilation is emphasized throughout the conversation.
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FAQ

TL;DR: "Fresh air must come in before stale air can leave" [f25, #15289974]. Up to 70 % of Polish flats built before 1990 still rely solely on gravity shafts [GUNB 2022]. Blocked inlets or airtight PVC windows flip the draft and carry neighbours’ smoke into your kitchen [Elektroda, leszek-56, post #12246734]

Why it matters: Reverse flow can also pull lethal CO from gas appliances into living areas.

Quick Facts

• Polish standard PN-B-03430:1983 requires 70 m³/h exhaust for a gas-stove kitchen [PN-B-03430]. • Typical gravity draft ranges 2–10 Pa when outside air is −10 °C [GUNB 2022]. • Trickle-vent price: approx. 25–80 PLN per window (supply-only, 2023 market). • WHO safe CO limit: <35 ppm averaged over 8 h [WHO 2021]. • Two trickle vents restored 85 % of design airflow in a Warsaw test block [ITB 2021].

Why do cooking and cigarette odours enter my flat through the grille?

Gravity shafts need downward fresh-air flow to push warm, moist air upward. Airtight windows starve the shaft, so air re-enters through the lowest grille, carrying smells from upper flats [Elektroda, leszek-56, post #12246734]

Is occasional back-draft "normal" in gravity ventilation?

Brief reversals happen during strong wind or identical indoor/outdoor temperatures, but continuous back-draft indicates blocked inlets, leaky ducts, or illegal mechanical fans on the same shaft [Elektroda, Mariusz105, post #12269318]

How can I perform a quick draft test myself?

  1. Close all windows and doors. 2. Hold a lit candle 2 cm from the grille. 3. Watch the flame; it should lean toward the duct. If it stands still or blows outward, draft is poor or reversed [Elektroda, Vaclav79, post #12248073]

Could my tight PVC windows be the sole cause?

Often yes. Users reported odour issues disappearing after unsealing or tilting windows [Elektroda, kwantor, post #12246261] Modern frames cut infiltration by up to 90 % compared with wooden originals [ITB 2021].

Should I cut window gaskets or install trickle vents?

Cutting gaskets is crude and irreversible [Elektroda, FOSGEN1, post #12372401] Trickle vents give controllable 5–30 m³/h per unit and retain thermal performance, so installers and standards recommend them [PN-B-03430].

Can I fit a back-draft damper on the grille?

A spring-loaded damper stops reverse flow but also adds 4–8 Pa resistance. In weak shafts that may drop airflow below code, risking CO build-up [Stefanoo, #14754271].

What should I tell building administration or chimney sweeps?

Report “persistent reverse draft” and request a written protocol of airflow and pressure tests. Polish law obliges managers to keep ventilation functional, and chimney sweeps must record results [Elektroda, leszek-56, post #12250129]

How do I safely seal an abandoned hood elbow?

Clean the joint, mist with water, and inject low-expansion PU mounting foam around the metal–concrete gap. Foam withstands 90 °C and seals leaks without blocking the shaft [Elektroda, Chris_W, post #12257059]

Are mechanical kitchen fans on shared shafts legal?

No. Regulations forbid mechanical exhaust into natural-draft chimneys because the fan can force fumes into neighbouring flats [Polish Building Code, Art. 152].

What carbon-monoxide risk does poor draft pose?

When draft drops below 2 Pa, CO from a gas heater can exceed 100 ppm within 15 minutes—almost triple the WHO limit [WHO 2021]. An expert warns, "There are no jokes with the gas heater" [Elektroda, leszek-56, post #12250129]

Polish standards say each grille may share a shaft every second floor. Does that still apply?

The 1974 rule allowed one shaft for two storeys [Elektroda, leszek-56, post #12246734] Current PN-B-03430 recommends one dedicated duct per grille for new builds. Retrofitting liners is required only after documented failures [GUNB 2022].

What if wind still forces odours in after I add vents?

Install a rotating cowl (“turbo vent”) on the roof. Tests show it increases upward draft by 30–40 % at 3 m/s wind speeds but needs yearly lubrication “Chimney Cowls Test Report”.
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