What techniques can you use to kill voltage spikes on car power outlets.

Voltage spikes on car power outlets, especially in older vehicles, can reach high levels, sometimes up to 90 volts or even 1000 volts during decay events caused by switching loads such as lighting inverters. Simple 5V cigarette lighter adapters may be vulnerable to these surges. Protection techniques discussed include using Zener diodes, with a suggested voltage rating around 18-20V to clamp spikes above normal battery voltage (~14V). Transient Voltage Suppression (TVS) diodes are recommended as superior alternatives to standard Zener diodes due to their larger silicon area and better surge handling, though they may degrade after repeated hits. Adding a series resistor (e.g., ~5 ohms, high wattage) can limit current and improve durability of the protection circuit. Metal Oxide Varistors (MOVs) are also considered viable for spike suppression. Additionally, specialized integrated surge stopper devices from manufacturers like Linear Technology offer advanced overvoltage and overcurrent protection solutions. The P6KE series of bidirectional transient voltage suppressors, rated for 600W pulse power, are highlighted as robust components suitable for automotive spike protection.
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