Are LED Christmas Fairy Light Drivers Properly Isolated From Mains Voltage?

In the bad of days fairy lights were a string of incandescent bulbs in series driven straight from mains. So one end of the string was at live mains levels presenting a hazard, but mitigated by reasonable thick insulation on the wires.

Now we have LEDs strings running usually at around 30 V so theoretically safe. However do many of the drivers actually provide real isolation from mains? Attached is a pic of a couple of drivers. Usually there is an X2 capacitor in there to drop the voltage but its only for driving the electronics of the flashes/sequencer I think and not the LEDs. Presumably the 30V is just generated by PWM on the mains so the LED could be at live mains potential after all, especially if the transistors/triacs short.

So the thinner insulation usually used on LED lights is not actually providing full protection methinks if say a wire frays and exposes the copper.

The new driver pictured is truly awful and we reported it to trading standards. No X2 cap, very thin insulation and no fuse in the 13A pug.

Regarding the 3rd picture the mains comes in on the black wire which is well insulted. But it then goes out again on 2 of the thin wires to the other end of the chain so that another set can be plugged in to make a daisy chained set powered off these thin wires. All very dodgy.

That third picture does look dodgy.

In the USA we have LED strings that are run straight off the mains. When looking more closely, it appears that there are usually 25 in series with the extra mains wire running along with them so the next string cam be plugged into the end. On my string of 50, there is a plastic joint in the middle that looks to be an insulated splice. I think most of the plugs have fuses at least and the insulation looks the same as the incandescent strings we used to have.

110VAC does give you a distinct safety advantage over our 230VAC but it is still a lethal voltage. What I see in UK is things that are essentially designed for the US market, with consequently thinner insulation, but then they are sold here with just maybe a small tweak to the circuit, but not the insulation, to run on 230VAC.

Worse still, the really poor quality non-conforming stuff is sold in markets like Africa where no one is going to chase up the manufacturer's safety non-complacence.