Does an alternator need excitation to start charging and how is it done?

The discussion revolves around the need to "wake up" an alternator, which typically requires applying voltage to the rotor winding to create a magnetic field that induces current in the stator windings. Most alternators are not self-excited, and a common issue arises when the excitation circuit's bulb burns out, preventing the alternator from functioning. To energize the alternator, voltage must be applied to the excitation circuit, often facilitated by a light bulb that indicates charging status. If the bulb is absent, the excitation current may not flow, leading to charging failures. The conversation also touches on the possibility of using a small magnet in the armature to enable self-excitation. The alternator's operation is further clarified by discussing the role of the rectifier and the voltage regulator.
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