Overhead Network with 400m Ground Cable: Single-Family House Surge Protection Options

Hello!

I would like to seek advice from experienced in this matter. I have a large single-family house powered by an overhead network (this is the end of the line - voltage drops and other eggs often occur) - the last 400m is pulled up by a cable in the ground (I don't know if it makes any difference). The house stands on the top of a mountain - unfortunately, lightning strikes quite often and once it happened in the area that some equipment was damaged (there were no signs of burning, but something fell due to overvoltage). There is a lightning protection system on the building. On the antenna installation I have AXING SZU 6-02 overvoltage protections. I have an AXON ADSL Protector installed on the telephone line (the phone goes overhead with power, and the last 400m in the ground), additionally on AXON Video IP POE Protectors IP cameras. I have a B + C arrester installed behind the meter. Behind it there are APC Smart-UPS RT 10000VA XLI UPS connected to 3 phases. Apart from the washing machine, kitchen appliances and other high power appliances, everything goes through this UPS. Now my question - what can I do to protect myself? Does this UPS have any kind of protection in it? Should I use a D protector? If so, where? Before UPS or behind specific governments?
Anyone have any ideas on how to do it with your head? Because I'm not sure if what I already have makes a lot of sense.
I will be grateful for any suggestion.

defrag wrote:

Should I use a D

The type D arrester is connected as overvoltage protection to sensitive electronic devices, as close to the protected receiver as possible, preferably in a socket box or as a socket with an arrestor.
The arrester type is selected according to the overvoltage resistance of the protected equipment.
Multistage surge protection provides close to 100% security reliability.

defrag wrote:

the last 400m is pulled up by a cable in the ground (I don't know if it makes any difference)

The distance is important, these 400m may not be enough to suppress the overvoltage in the event of a direct discharge. And it's good that my colleague used a class B arrester at the entrance to the facility. By the way, the power industry should install a class A arrester on the pole.

defrag wrote:

Does this UPS have any kind of protection in it?

This has to be read from the catalog card. But most often, UPSs have built-in surge protection.

Well, the question remains whether the high-class APC 3-phase UPS should be treated as a sensitive electronic device requiring D-surge protection, or rather as a device protecting against such surges.
The data sheet and instructions for me only show that it contains ordinary fuses and laconically "protection against overvoltage" and further "It protects connected loads against overvoltage, electric pulses, lightning strikes and other power disturbances." What's more, they are not writing there no numerical data just marketing gibberish.

By the way, if it would be so perfectly secure, why can you buy "APTF10KW01: APC WW 10 kVA Isolation Transformer" as an option? Because, as I understand it, it is supposed to improve protection? But of course they also do not provide any specific data.

defrag wrote:

Protects connected loads against surges, electrical pulses, lightning strikes and other power disturbances. "

And you have to stick to it, it is the overvoltage resistance of the device and the electric circuits supplied from it on the power side. Only it should be specified to what overheating category - but probably up to 2500 V.

Yes - UPS is Double Conversion Online, even with incorrect frequency correcting module - useful when connecting to a generator.
With voltage increases, there should be no problem with this particular UPS, mainly to protect against overvoltages resulting from lightning discharges.

With offline, I agree that there is no chance of securing it.

From what I understand, online does not work all the time on the battery, but continuously converts the AC voltage to DC and then converts it back to the AC voltage. In such a case, the peasant's mind should be more resistant to disturbances - especially fast-changing ones.
But if I'm wrong, have some wise person correct me and explain more precisely how it works in the case of online UPS.

cKKqa wrote:

The offline power supply supplies power directly from the grid, but switches to inverter operation from the battery when the voltage is lowered or exceeded. What's wrong with this solution?
Is the time up to 10ms of switching from the mains to the battery too long?
In online, I understand that it will be faster because the battery is working all the time. How much can it be?

Exactly. With online ups, ups are always independent of the network. This has a number of advantages:
- insensitivity to distortions and voltage changes,
- isolating the input from the UPS output,
- no power outage in the event of a power outage

On the other hand, there is nothing wrong with an offline UPS solution, but they are just worse and may not be suitable for some applications.

As for the subject, if sensitive electronics were damaged, there could be a situation in which voltage was induced in the device as a result of a near discharge. Unfortunately, nothing will help. However, such situations are rare.
Only what a colleague can do is use D-type protectors for the most sensitive electronics.

Hello, I note that I am new to the forum, I am trying to delve into the secrets of electrics, I am a beginner .... and I have a question, is the connection of the surge voltage correct as I drew it? because I read a lot about it, but I can't find such a pathological drawing ...

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please be understanding

Drawing correct with some important notes. The N conductor from the limiter should be connected directly to the PE of the limiter. It is a more advantageous shorter connection. I encourage you to read the brochure "Protection against the effects of overvoltage and lightning discharges" prepared by the team of Białystok University of Technology. You will also learn there that, according to the PN-EN61643-11 standard, the B + C markings on the limiter cannot be used, which is page 51 of the brochure. The brochure is available on the net.

erykporter wrote:

Drawing correct with some important notes. The N conductor from the limiter should be connected directly to the PE of the limiter. It is a more advantageous shorter connection. I encourage you to read the brochure "Protection against the effects of overvoltage and lightning discharges" prepared by the team of Białystok University of Technology. You will also learn there that, according to the PN-EN61643-11 standard, the B + C markings on the limiter cannot be used, which is page 51 of the brochure. The brochure is available on the net.

And you opened the mines,