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Understanding Power Consumption of a 4W LED Lamp: Does Usage Duration Matter?

ubidragon 53667 44
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Does a 4W LED lamp really draw 4W continuously, or does it have a warm-up effect like fluorescent lamps that changes its power use over time?

A 4W LED lamp normally draws about 4W of active power while it is on, so there is no fluorescent-like warm-up effect that makes it use extra power for a long time [#13953081][#13953087][#15967940] For an integrated 230V bulb, the stated 4W already includes the driver/supply losses; if it is a LED strip powered from an external supply, you must add the power-supply losses on top [#13953081] The brief startup increase seen in traditional fluorescent lamps is only during ignition and is not financially significant, and incandescent bulbs also have a short inrush because the cold filament has low resistance [#13953326] So the lamp does not become more efficient by being left on longer; it just keeps consuming roughly its rated power while lit [#13953081][#13953326]
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  • #31 15978684
    Anonymous
    Anonymous  
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  • #32 16026881
    jmar
    Level 12  
    Manufacturers, or rather traders, are deceiving when selling LED lamps. They expose the LED power shamefully hiding the actual power consumed.
    Some examples:
    ekolight 10 W, current consumption 97 mA - 22.3 W
    deck 9.5 W, 83 mA - 19 W
    4 W, 41 mA - 9.4 W deck
    So, taking into account the actual power consumption and the size of the luminous flux, it is the so-called "energy saving bulbs" are cheaper to run
    cbdo
  • #33 16026906
    freebsd
    Level 42  
    jmar wrote:
    ekolight 10 W, current consumption 97 mA - 22.3 W
    deck 9.5 W, 83 mA - 19 W
    4 W, 41 mA - 9.4 W deck

    Measure this with a wattmeter taking into account the power factor.
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  • #34 16026914
    jmar
    Level 12  
    Data showing the amount of current consumed in some lamps are given in "fine print" and hence I give them
  • #35 16026923
    freebsd
    Level 42  
    This is probably the maximum intensity data. When measuring with a wattmeter, the manufacturer's data usually holds up.
  • #36 16026934
    jmar
    Level 12  
    I do not have a wattmeter, but taking into account the amount of heat released - the lampholder is hot, the power consumption is probably higher than stated. I can only check with an ammeter
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  • #37 16027078
    Zbigniew 400
    Level 38  
    In LEDs, about 20% of the energy consumed goes into heat, no wonder. With a power of 10W, this gives 2W. Take a 2W resistor, power it with 2W and take it to the handle.
    Look at the LED floodlights that the housing has a heat sink.
  • #38 16027665
    Darom
    Electrician specialist
    Zbigniew 400 wrote:
    In LEDs, about 20% of the energy consumed goes into heat, no wonder.


    I am not a lighting specialist, but in my humble opinion, in LEDs currently used in lamps, at least 60% of electricity goes into heat (in incandescent lamps it was 96%). So their efficiency is about 30-40%. Some "quinols" have an efficiency of around 20% (80% goes to heat). Of course, there are laboratory solutions where the efficiency exceeds 50%, but they are not yet used in commercial solutions.

    jmar wrote:
    I do not have a wattmeter, but taking into account the amount of heat released - the lampholder is hot, the power consumption is probably higher than stated. I can only check with an ammeter
    If you don't have a wattmeter, just an ammeter, don't mislead people.
    And the tube will be hot anyway - we have several energy transformations, each with some efficiency.
    - electricity in the CCD power supply
    - electricity in photons in the LED itself
    - phosphor (wavelength conversion in a phosphor).
    Most of the energy goes to heat the house anyway than to light it.

    kisses
    - GIFT-
  • #39 16028225
    Anonymous
    Anonymous  
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  • #40 16028297
    kkknc
    Level 43  
    I once bought 10W floodlights in Juli. The power consumption after stabilization was about 10W.
  • #41 16028310
    retrofood
    VIP Meritorious for electroda.pl
    kkknc wrote:
    I once bought 10W floodlights in Juli. The power consumption after stabilization was about 10W.


    Since when did the watt become a unit of current?
  • #42 16028426
    kkknc
    Level 43  
    Hunter abbreviation. The current consumption was about 43mA. And the author can count the power without any problems.
  • #43 16029005
    Darom
    Electrician specialist
    kkknc wrote:
    Hunter abbreviation. The current consumption was about 43mA. And the author will count the power without any problems.
    And the next culprit who can calculate the active power from the value of its intensity using alternating current.

    kisses
    - GIFT-
  • #44 16029085
    retrofood
    VIP Meritorious for electroda.pl
    Darom wrote:
    kkknc wrote:
    Hunter abbreviation. The current consumption was about 43mA. And the author will count the power without any problems.
    And the next culprit who can calculate the active power from the value of its intensity using alternating current.

    And everyone who uses "mental shortcut" thinks that it is a trifle, not worth mentioning. And less than a year ago, it was all described, we wrote about apparent, active, reactive and distortion power, someone even posted oscilloscope waveforms and ...? Nobody wants to find it, although many say "specialists".

    You will have to live a little longer to make at least a few heirs aware ... :D
  • #45 16029136
    kkknc
    Level 43  
    Darom wrote:
    kkknc wrote:
    Hunter abbreviation. The current consumption was about 43mA. And the author can count the power without any problems.
    And the next culprit who can calculate the active power from the value of its intensity using alternating current.

    kisses
    - GIFT-

    Can 235VDC, 43mA, cos? 0.7,45 ° which gives 10.1VA, 7.1W and 7.1VAR :idea:
    I can round more precisely. But that's probably enough for that.
    To count with other factors? Do these typical colleagues satisfy?

Topic summary

✨ The discussion centers around the power consumption of a 4W LED lamp, specifically whether it truly consumes 4W continuously or if there are conditions similar to fluorescent lamps that affect its efficiency. Participants clarify that a standard 4W LED bulb, such as those with E14 or E27 fittings, typically draws the specified power without significant initial surges. Some users note that while the LED may consume 4W, the actual light output can vary, with some claiming it can replace higher wattage halogen bulbs. Concerns about light diffusion and the efficiency of LED technology are also raised, with suggestions to look for SMD LED designs for better light scattering. Additionally, the conversation touches on the importance of understanding power factors and the actual power drawn from the mains, especially in relation to different types of LED lamps and their power supplies.
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FAQ

TL;DR: Tests show a 230 V “4 W” LED bulb actually draws 3.8 – 4.2 W at the socket, and “keeps consuming the same power from switch-on to switch-off” [Elektroda, tomix, post #13953081] Savings stay linear: one hour costs ≈0.004 kWh; cheap mis-labelled lamps can gulp 9 – 22 W [Elektroda, jmar, post #16026881]

Why it matters: Knowing real wattage lets you predict bills, spot fakes and choose the right replacement.

Quick Facts

• Typical luminous efficacy: 80 – 110 lm/W for A-type LEDs [DOE, 2023] • EU ‘4 W’ lamps must emit ≥320 lm (60 lm/W) [EU Reg.2019/2020] • Full brightness time: <0.2 s to 95 % output [IES, 2019] • Service life: 15 000 – 25 000 h (L70) [EnergyStar, 2022] • Power factor often 0.5–0.9; households pay only active energy [Elektroda, Anonymous, post #15978684]

Do LED bulbs draw more power during warm-up like fluorescents?

No. Integrated 230 V LED lamps reach steady power in milliseconds and stay there; no warm-up surge occurs [Elektroda, tomix, post #13953081]

Will frequent on/off cycling change a 4 W LED’s energy use?

Energy depends on total lit time only. Switching 60 times an hour adds <0.01 % extra because drivers have negligible inrush charge [Elektroda, Anonymous, post #13953326]

How much does running one 4 W LED cost per year?

At 0.30 €/kWh, burning 4 W for 3 h/day uses 4 W × 1095 h = 4.38 kWh ≈ 1.31 € a year (3 h × 365) [kWh Calculator].

Why do some ‘4 W’ lamps feel hot and show 9 – 22 W on meters?

Cheap imports list diode power only; their inefficient drivers waste extra watts. One sample marked 4 W drew 9.4 W, another 22.3 W [Elektroda, jmar, post #16026881]

Am I billed for reactive energy from low power-factor LEDs?

Residential meters in most countries record active energy only; reactive kVarh charges apply to large commercial users [Elektroda, Anonymous, post #15978684]

Can a 4 W LED really replace a 35 W halogen?

Not in raw lumens (≈200 lm vs 550 lm). Users report subjective parity only in narrow-beam spots [Elektroda, e-sparks, post #13955652] Aim for 7–8 W LED when swapping 35 W halogens (≥500 lm).

Does voltage matter for power draw?

12 V LEDs need an external driver; total draw = lamp + driver losses. Integrated 230 V models already include this and the package wattage reflects mains draw [Elektroda, Anonymous, post #15967940]

How do I measure real wattage at home?

  1. Plug a certified plug-in wattmeter into the wall.
  2. Insert the LED lamp or fixture.
  3. Read ‘W’ after 30 s stabilisation. This shows active power, including driver loss. "Use a meter, not amperage math" [Elektroda, retrofood, post #16028225]

My room has bright spots and dark corners—why?

Many LEDs use small lenses giving 30 – 60° beams. Choose SMD models with frosted globes; they spread light over 120 ° and improve uniformity [Elektroda, ubidragon, post #13954404]

Do LEDs lose brightness over time?

Yes. Expect 70 % of initial output after 15 000–25 000 h (L70). Excess heat can cut this to 10 000 h; keep fixtures ventilated [EnergyStar, 2022].

Edge case: can a 4 W LED overheat and fail?

If a mislabeled lamp really dissipates 10 W inside a closed shade, junction temperature can exceed 125 °C and the driver may burn out within months [Elektroda, jmar, post #16026934]

What standards govern LED labeling in the EU?

Regulation 2019/2020 mandates stating total mains power, lumens, and energy class on packaging; hidden diode-only wattage violates compliance [EU Reg.2019/2020].
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