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Central heating in the block - Venting at the tops of the risers

dre123 16374 21
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Why does the housing cooperative install automatic air vents on the risers instead of the cut vent pipes, and what are they supposed to improve compared with the heat allocators?

The automatic air vents are only meant to bleed the system by themselves instead of needing someone to open the vent manually; they are theoretically maintenance-free, but if someone tightens the cap they stop working [#14966629] They do not change how heating is settled, because the billing problem comes from the allocator algorithm and from heat losses in the building’s risers and horizontal pipes that are then charged to residents [#14967092] The allocators themselves are also not very accurate, and the cooperative may be including their own cost in the heating fees [#14924785] Cutting the vent pipes and adding automatic vents may reduce leakage risk, but it does not solve the core problem that residents are avoiding opening radiators while the riser losses still have to be paid by someone [#14966629][#14967092] The cooperative cannot force people to open the radiator valves; the practical suggestion was to get residents to agree on a common rule, for example opening all valves to setting 3 and settling heat monthly [#14967666]
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  • #1 14923940
    dre123
    Level 11  
    Posts: 90
    Rate: 18
    Good morning, I would like to present my heating situation in the block of flats where I live.

    4-story, 4-staircase building. I live on the 4th top floor. A few years ago, electronic heat dividers were installed in apartments. From then on, heating problems began. Since the time the dividers were installed, no one in the block turns on the radiators in winter. The result is that the fees are the same as before, but it is cold. It can be 17-18 degrees in the apartment. You can`t open the windows because the apartment gets cold and the thermostat may turn on the radiator.

    If you tried to turn on the radiator, the subsidies to the already high rent would run into the thousands. Trying to use radiators rationally, i.e. turning them on when you are at home and heating them up to e.g. 20 degrees, may result in an additional payment of about PLN 4,000 in the spring - a neighbor had this happen. People use electric heaters or sit next to the radiator in the kitchen, which is not metered. Only a few managed to move out. The new ones blaspheme and cause trouble in the cooperative and the administration. The cooperative does not want to hear about removing the dividers.

    The case was in the press and on TV. The title of the report is more or less the less they play, the more they pay..

    I have another apartment in a block of flats where there are no partitions - a housing community. Even though the heating is on maximum in winter and the area is 13 m2 larger, I only pay PLN 35 more for the entire fee. The same number of tenants in both apartments.

    From time to time, the cooperative comes up with new ways to persuade people to turn on the radiators. First, some valves were installed on the vent pipes, then the thermostats were replaced with ones starting from number two, i.e. they are supposed to turn on the radiator if the temperature drops below 16 degrees. Unfortunately, these actions do not help and people do not want to turn on these radiators.

    This year, they cut out the vent pipes on the top floors and installed automatic vent valves. Additionally, the workers announced that they were installing some sensors in the basements and now the radiators in the kitchen would not heat all the time.

    And now the point is, what is the last treatment supposed to do? I can attach a photo of one of the sensors in the basement. What is better about an automatic air vent than these tubes? As a resident of the top floor, I lose out because these pipes will not provide heat. Instead of these tubes, I only have stumps with these valves sticking out and dangling. Turning on your radiator will cause hot water to flow in the risers passing through the lower apartments, which will heat your neighbors. I have no intention of turning on the radiators myself. Opening the window last winter and looking out gained PLN 40 from the divisor. The window was open for maybe 2 minutes. It`s scary to think how much the divider would collect if it counted the entire winter.

    Why does the cooperative explain that the dividers cannot be removed, because there are some regulations stating that each apartment must be metered individually, and in other blocks there are no dividers or they have removed them?
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  • #2 14923982
    Strumien swiadomosci swia
    Level 43  
    Posts: 27411
    Help: 1403
    Rate: 6379
    dre123 wrote:
    Since the time the dividers were installed, no one in the block turns on the radiators in winter. The result is that the fees are the same as before, but it is cold


    It`s what you pay for and how you heat it.
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  • #3 14924709
    dre123
    Level 11  
    Posts: 90
    Rate: 18
    The radiator in the kitchen heats up, at least it did until last winter, I don`t know what it will be like now that they installed these sensors in the basement.

    Other tenants heat with electric heaters.

    We pay for what, water constantly flows through the installations in the corridors and kitchens...
  • Helpful post
    #4 14924785
    Zbigniew Rusek
    Level 38  
    Posts: 3610
    Help: 394
    Rate: 1534
    I am afraid that the cooperative also includes the costs of the allocators themselves, hence the suspiciously high heating fees. Besides, these allocators are not a very accurate way of calculating the thermal energy consumed.
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  • #5 14925632
    dre123
    Level 11  
    Posts: 90
    Rate: 18
    There is a formula for settling accounts, but no one understands anything about it. What about these vent valves, are they better than a closed system with pipes? Does such a closed system have any advantages at all?

    I thought that maybe at least less water would flow through the system and therefore there would be lower fixed fees?

    I don`t intend to unscrew the radiators anyway, I want to change the apartment, but it will be difficult. This year I will heat hard with electricity...
  • Helpful post
    #6 14925763
    Strumien swiadomosci swia
    Level 43  
    Posts: 27411
    Help: 1403
    Rate: 6379
    Put a fan on the radiator in the kitchen.
  • #7 14960869
    dre123
    Level 11  
    Posts: 90
    Rate: 18
    I`ll try using the fan in winter to distribute heat to the apartment. However, I still don`t know what the advantages and disadvantages of the automatic vent valve solution are compared to the pipe system. The tubes were cut and these valves were placed on the stumps of the vertical pipes.
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    #8 14960966
    Strumien swiadomosci swia
    Level 43  
    Posts: 27411
    Help: 1403
    Rate: 6379
    Only for the entire surface and slow speed.


    And the cooperative may fail.

    What is the size of a kitchen radiator?

    Added after 45 [seconds]:

    Air vents have the advantage that water will not spill out of them.
  • #9 14966168
    dre123
    Level 11  
    Posts: 90
    Rate: 18
    It will be difficult to cover the entire surface. The radiator consists of four vertical pipes, 2 meters long and 6 cm in diameter. The radiator is also placed sideways to the hall. I was thinking about blowing air into the hall with a standing fan, for example. But if the whole thing is to be blown, I have to make some arrangements for air flow...

    Valves generally have advantages over vent tubes ? Water has never leaked from them and I think that if there was no leakage from the installation, why would it leak from these pipes? The pipes were the same as the rest of the installation supplying water to the radiators.
  • Helpful post
    #10 14966629
    jas67
    Level 22  
    Posts: 463
    Help: 39
    Rate: 116
    With these vents, when there was air in the system, someone had to come and open the vent. Now it has to bleed itself. So it`s supposed to be theoretically maintenance-free. I write theoretically because it is enough for someone to tighten the cap on the air vent for it to stop being automatic.
  • Helpful post
    #11 14967092
    Archaic
    Level 9  
    Posts: 8
    Help: 2
    Rate: 3
    dre123

    the rules for settling thermal energy consumption from allocators are based on a mathematical algorithm, which is not public, first of all.
    Secondly, there are literally a few companies in Poland that settle the consumption of thermal energy from allocators, which means that we are dealing with a "well-organized economic mechanism".
    Thirdly, the basic parameters of heating costs of buildings managed by housing cooperatives depend on the operating costs of heating networks managed by them.
    Speaking in human language that allows you to explain what is happening in your case, it looks like this:

    1. network operating costs are high for reasons unknown to you and me
    2. this translates into the following phenomenon:
    - a certain amount of heat reaches the block, priced at the rate
    - despite the fact that the radiators are turned off in all apartments, the amount of heat X delivered to the building in given weather conditions is reduced by heat losses on the risers and deckchairs
    - these losses must be covered by someone - this someone is the residents of the given facility
    - if one of the building`s residents allows himself to open the valves to heat the apartment for X days in a month and during this time no other residents do so, he receives the so-called accumulation of losses from the difference between the temperature of the supply and return energy from the circulation in a given month.
    - the above phenomenon may result in bills reaching thousands of zlotys due to the fact that energy losses from the flow through the risers and deckchairs of the entire building are covered!!!

    I will not comment on the issue of air vents because they have nothing to do with the issue of heat settlement.

    I will not comment on the idea of installing a fan.


    Regards
    Archaic Qatar
  • #12 14967613
    dre123
    Level 11  
    Posts: 90
    Rate: 18
    After the last post, I guess I have to move out...

    The cooperative is the largest in the city. The case drags on for years, there was or is still a court, there was even a TVN. Despite this, the cooperative still wants to convince all of us to open the valves so that the costs are evenly distributed. However, the fear is that people are used to the cold, and they warm themselves in a different way than what they do. So no matter what the cooperative does, there is still a fear that they will have to pay a lot. Someone once said at a residents` meeting that there is a way - all residents have to remove the dividers themselves...

    For the winter, he installs a tight door in the large room, we all move in with the children and heat it with a small electric heater. Apparently some neighbors do this and it works out much cheaper.

    Why is no one controlling this, why can such things happen? Why can`t anything be done about it?
  • Helpful post
    #13 14967666
    Archaic
    Level 9  
    Posts: 8
    Help: 2
    Rate: 3
    The cooperative has no way of forcing people to open the valves on the radiators. By the way, it would be worth checking this solution at least on a monthly basis. Maybe it would be worth starting a conversation to determine the possibility of settling the heat for one month in the block, assuming that all residents jointly open the valves to setting no. 3?
    Get a lawyer if necessary and solve the problem at the level of your building, not fight with the cooperative. By definition, you can`t beat the system.

    Regards
    Archaic
  • #14 14969534
    mitsurugi
    Level 25  
    Posts: 526
    Help: 93
    Rate: 222
    Unfortunately, each housing cooperative has its own regulations (law, act - you name it) and unfortunately you can`t "jump" here, because the President has to drive a Mercedes and the tenants have to refuel it for him.
  • #15 15511444
    dre123
    Level 11  
    Posts: 90
    Rate: 18
    Vent pipes were cut out, thermostats were installed on radiators from 2, the method of calculating units was changed, and units for each apartment were rigidly set on unmetered risers in the kitchen and bathroom.

    In winter, it was so cold in the apartment that we had to turn on the radiators. By March, more than 1,000 units had been brewed on two radiators. If you count one zloty per unit, the surcharge will be over PLN 1,000. In previous seasons, the unit cost PLN 14.

    I don`t know what it will be like, but if I can`t use central heating because of the costs, I`ll have to move...
  • #16 15512148
    idepopizze
    Level 33  
    Posts: 2467
    Help: 82
    Rate: 269
    The problem is quite big. Do you happen to have a damp apartment? If the temperature is too low, there is a point called the dew point and it is responsible for the deposition of moisture on walls, furniture, etc. Because we breathe all the time, we generate water vapor, not to mention the water vapor from the kitchen. If the apartment/house becomes damp due to insufficient heating, it feels even colder than it actually is. It is also paradoxical that such an apartment absorbs more heat than a dry one, because the water in the moisture "swallows" the supplied heat. Newly built houses are ventilated and heated intensively before being inhabited to get rid of water. Not to mention the fact that molds, fungi, etc. later appear on this moisture, and then it depends on the body`s immunity.....
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  • #17 15512307
    dre123
    Level 11  
    Posts: 90
    Rate: 18
    It was damp and there was some mold on the windowsills. After cutting off the vent pipes and replacing the thermostats in the basement with risers in the kitchen and bathroom, it was no longer possible to stop heating. There was a lot of humidity, you could wipe the water from the windows with a towel from the bottom up every few minutes. And it`s cold.

    I am waiting for the settlement for this heating season. If it comes to a few thousand, you will have to run away from this apartment... The block is a phenomenon on the scale of the cooperative, the city and probably Poland in general. TVN talked about him once...
  • #18 15513430
    Zbigniew Rusek
    Level 38  
    Posts: 3610
    Help: 394
    Rate: 1534
    This probably doesn`t mean that they put thermostats on the risers, but that they screwed in the riser valves supplying the kitchens and bathrooms and that makes it impossible to heat. Vertical valves should not be screwed on, as this may prevent the heating medium from reaching the upper floors.
  • #19 15513443
    goldi74
    Level 43  
    Posts: 8058
    Help: 1367
    Rate: 1530
    Rather, post #17 means that it is impossible not to heat, not that it is impossible to heat.
  • #20 15514397
    dre123
    Level 11  
    Posts: 90
    Rate: 18
    There are some devices placed on the risers in the kitchen and bathroom in the basement. I think it`s the thermostat. These risers, together with the candles, heat up and cool down. If it`s warm, they don`t heat at all.

    With two small children, it is impossible not to stay warm on the fourth floor.

    I think that other residents, especially those on the floors below, still do not heat. Nothing has changed for them. They are still heated by the pipes themselves to the upper floors that run through their apartments.

    I don`t have these tubes anymore. Air vents are installed and vertical and horizontal pipes under the ceiling are cut out.
  • #21 15514756
    gimak
    Level 41  
    Posts: 6196
    Help: 614
    Rate: 1659
    A river topic, discussed in the topic about heat dividers, why no one likes them.
    Difficult to overcome, due to the fact that it is a housing cooperative and it is apparently a behemoth, but in my opinion it can be overcome, it just requires the mobilization of everyone and in my opinion, this is the biggest problem - I know from my own experience how difficult it is in a small community in which consists of one block, and the idea was to settle only water.
    One alone can`t do anything. A group of passionate, but knowledgeable people should gather and authorize all residents connected to this heating node (specifically to the same heat meter) to speak to the SM on their behalf. Then SM will not be able to get away with providing the data you are interested in (although it will try to do so). You also need to be familiar with the rules so as not to be discouraged and think logically. And you need to start with the regulations based on which heat is settled. I suspect that the regulations that cooperative members should accept (this is the case in communities) contain horsemeat that can cause a headache and which result in this method of settlement.
    I was interested in the algorithm of how heat should be settled in accordance with the regulations because in the block of flats (condominium) where my mother-in-law lives, after many years of fighting with the tenants, heat meters were installed and regulations had to be adopted for settling the heat consumed by the condominium. So the point was not to adopt stupid things in these regulations.
    I don`t know the algorithm for billing based on allocators, because it hasn`t concerned me so far, but I follow the topics where they are mentioned because I live in a block of flats where heat is settled per square meter of area, and installing heat meters is unrealistic due to the layout and you have to take into account the emphasis on the use of dividers.
    I believe that the algorithm for settlement by divisors is not some secret knowledge and should be open and understandable, but for this to be the case, everyone must demand it.
  • #22 15673972
    dre123
    Level 11  
    Posts: 90
    Rate: 18
    The settlement of individual units in common costs has been changed - as a percentage. Fixed units for the kitchen risers were also added. I had to heat it because I no longer have vertical and horizontal pipes, only vent valves.

    I don`t know what it will be like with prices for the heating season. Apparently, unit prices are to be around PLN 1 and not PLN 14 as in previous years. I made about 1,000 units on two radiators in two rooms. If I have to pay extra 1000, ok...

Topic summary

✨ Residents of a 4-story block of flats are experiencing significant heating issues following the installation of electronic heat dividers. The heating system has led to cold apartments, with temperatures dropping to 17-18 degrees Celsius, and high heating fees despite minimal heating usage. Many residents resort to electric heaters due to the financial burden of using central heating, which can lead to exorbitant additional costs. Discussions revolve around the effectiveness of vent valves compared to traditional closed systems, with concerns about maintenance and the accuracy of heat allocation. Suggestions include using fans to distribute heat and the need for collective action among residents to address the cooperative's management and heating cost structure.
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FAQ

TL;DR: 30 % of block-heating energy is lost in risers [CIBSE Guide B, 2015]; “self-bleeding stops leaks” [jas67, #14966629]. When only one flat heats, that tenant pays almost all loss energy [Archaic, #14967092]. Why it matters: understanding vents, dividers and billing prevents four-figure surprise surcharges.

Quick Facts

• Minimum legal room temp in Poland: 20 °C day / 18 °C night [Rozp. MI, 2002]. • Heat-divider unit price fell from PLN 14 to approx. PLN 1 in 2016 [Elektroda, #15511444‒#15673972]. • Typical riser heat loss: 15–35 % of delivered energy [CIBSE Guide B, 2015]. • Automatic air-vent failure rate ≈5 % in first 10 years [Viega Tech Report, 2019]. • Dew-point at 18 °C indoor reaches 13 °C surface temp—risk of condensation [ASHRAE Fundamentals, 2017].

Why did bills stay high after electronic heat dividers were installed?

Dividers only split costs; they don’t cut the heat losses flowing through risers and basement pipes. When most flats keep valves shut, those losses—up to 30 %—are charged proportionally to the few units recorded, so one heater can absorb nearly all common loss costs [Archaic, #14967092; CIBSE Guide B, 2015].

How do electronic heat dividers estimate consumption?

Each device logs the temperature of the radiator and the room, converts the difference over time to "units" via a proprietary algorithm. Utilities later multiply units by the yearly PLN/unit rate to create individual surcharges [dre123, #15511444]. The algorithm is not public, which limits resident transparency [Archaic, #14967092].

Can a housing cooperative legally demand individual metering?

Polish Energy Efficiency Act art. 45a obliges multi-family buildings to strive for individual heat cost allocation when technically and economically justified. The law allows dividers or room meters but does not dictate model types, so residents may negotiate alternatives if a majority agrees [Ustawa o EPE, 2016].

What happens if only one apartment opens the radiators?

That flat heats common risers; return temperature rises, shrinking the overall ΔT. The allocator shows high units, and the resident pays not only for room heat but also for building distribution losses—reports show surcharges of PLN 4 000 [dre123, #14923940].

What is an automatic air vent and why replace vent pipes?

An automatic air vent is a float-operated valve that purges trapped air without manual bleeding. Unlike open vent pipes, it prevents water spills, reduces maintenance visits, and allows the system to run as a closed, higher-pressure loop for better circulation [jas67, #14966629].

Can automatic air vents fail or leak?

Yes. Edge-case: If someone tightens the safety cap or mineral deposits jam the float, the vent stops purging, air locks form, and upper radiators go cold. Field data show ≈5 % failure within 10 years [Viega Tech Report, 2019].

How to bleed a stubborn radiator with manual gear?

  1. Turn off the heating pump. 2. Hold a bowl under the bleed screw; open it quarter-turn with a key until air hisses, then water flows. 3. Close, wipe, reopen system. "Air removal takes under 60 seconds," notes installer Strumien [#14925763]

How can I spread heat from the unmetered kitchen radiator?

Aim a low-speed fan across the full fin surface to push warm air into adjacent rooms. Keep doors ajar for cross-flow. Residents succeeded using a standing fan set on low for whole-surface coverage [Strumien, #14960966].

Why did indoor humidity and mould appear after pipes were cut?

Room temperature dropped below the 18 °C–20 °C comfort zone, so wall surfaces cooled near or below 13 °C dew-point. Water vapour from breathing and cooking condensed, leading to damp and mould [idepopizze, #15512148; ASHRAE 2017].

Is portable electric heating cheaper than using the radiator?

At PLN 0.70 /kWh, a 1 kW heater costs about PLN 1.70 for 2.5 h use. If allocator units remain near PLN 1 each and one hour of radiator time creates several units, electric heat can be cheaper short-term. When unit rates were PLN 14, electric was clearly less costly [dre123, #14923940; Tauron Cennik, 2024].

What recourse do residents have against opaque billing?

Gather majority consent, appoint a lawyer, and demand full cost-allocation data under the Housing Cooperatives Act art. 8¹. Negotiating a trial month with all valves set to level 3 can reveal true building demand [Archaic, #14967666].

Could removing the dividers solve the issue?

Only if every resident agrees and the cooperative installs an alternative compliant system, e.g., heat meters per flat. Otherwise, unmetered distribution losses would still inflate common charges [gimak, #15514756].
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