Assembling American Generator: Tips for Hobbyists - Coils, Diode Rectifiers & Performance Issues

Hello all.

Please help.
I am completely green on the subject.
He wants to build himself an American generator. I was guided by films and texts from the Internet.
However, I have a problem (probably with performance).
Everything is visible in the pictures.
Coil holding hoop -110 mm internal.
On it, 9 coils with dimensions:
Height - 33 mm
width - 20 mm
number of turns - 100, wire thickness 4 mm
(double coated, purchased as "generator wire")
Three-phase, the ends of the phases are soldered together, the beginning led out to the diode rectifier.
The rotation of the disc with magnets is approximately 500/600 per minute.
I achieve this in gusts of 0.2 v
The higher the speed, the lower the voltage.


I made a resin flooded probe.
Width - 25 mm
Number of turns - 200
4 mm wire as above
Connected to a small rectifier.

I am begging you for help.
What am I doing wrong?

There must be two magnet discs above and below the stator with coils. The magnets in the discs are glued with alternating poles.

Of course, the magnets are arranged alternately (N / S).
They are strong field ferromagnets.
Double dial will give me twice as much on the gauge?
It's still less than 0.5v
I can't handle the pattern, maybe it should be like that?
What coil will give me 1v with this wire?

A double shield is required and indispensable. The field is generated between the targets. One flux crosses one side of the coil and the other must be opposite and crosses the other side of the coil. https://www.elektroda.pl/rtvforum/topic1932704-1110.html

The traditional construction of an American is like half of a classic generator (e.g. a washing machine).
Both three-phase designs have poles on the stator and on the rotor - always synchronously.
Your American 9 coils are half the coils of a washing machine 18.
The coils have poles - each with two (these are Frames), in 9 coils = 18 poles (Frames).
In the washing machine there are twice as many coils as in the American - 18 coils = 36 poles (Frames).
Your American and washing machine are three-phase and
18 American poles in three phases = 6 poles in each phase, a
36 washing machine poles for three phases = 12 poles for each phase
the same number of rotor poles (magnets) are required for the synchronous operation of the stator poles (coils).
In your American, the minimum is 6 poles (three pairs), in a washing machine 12 poles (six pairs)
In the construction of an electric machine, the number of poles (per phase) in one part (stator or rotor) can be changed and they will also work synchronously - there is a condition that this increase or decrease is divisible by 2 (two).
American woman - it's a breeze and here the number of coils / pole is two times smaller than in a washing machine - yours has: 9 coils / 18 poles per generator stator, 3 coils / 6 poles per phase.
Practically you should have 6 poles (magnets) on the rotor.
You can double it and it will be 12th and you are only 8th.
You do not meet the condition of synchronicity and you have to change it - reduce or enlarge.

The design of the American woman, due to the lack of a magnet core (a set of stator plates), does not allow for the placement of more coils because the dispersed magnetic flux does not obtain the desired waveform after the generator winding.
Such a construction loses at least two times in relation to the washing machine because there are fewer coils (copper), the flux loses power due to the lack of a magnetic core and the heat (heating) is not dissipated (the magnetic rod is also a flux and temperature conductor).

Added after 23 [minutes]:

You can make a single-phase American out of it, but there must be an even number of coils.

I warmly welcome

The generator cannot work properly for one simple reason:
In "american" the number of magnets on one wheel is calculated from the formula:
(Number of coils / 3) * 4 = Number of magnets.
In your case, 9 coils are 12 magnets on each target.

It is also important to maintain the correct order and direction of the coils in a given series of one phase.

best regards

Added after 20 [minutes]:

welcome back

Looking at the photos of your project - I can imagine that, according to the rules of the "American" design, the magnets are too wide in relation to the size of the coils.

For a simple "American" with flat coils and rectangular magnets, the following dependencies are used:
- magnet width 110% of the coil width (dimension D in the drawing),
- magnet height