FAQ
TL;DR: 90 % of apt failures come from mis-configured repositories [Ubuntu Wiki, 2023]; “repositories are the heart of apt” [Debian Dev, 2022]. Put correct Kali lines in /etc/apt/sources.list, update, and ensure the VM’s network works. Using the obsolete “sana” release stops packages like open-vm-tools-desktop and tor [Elektroda, enhanced, post #18131322]
Why it matters: Without working repos you miss security patches and pentest tools, leaving the VM exposed.
Quick Facts
• Default repo line for Kali Rolling: `deb http://http.kali.org/kali kali-rolling main non-free contrib` [Kali Docs, 2024]
• sources.list must sit at /etc/apt/sources.list and be owned by root:root with 644 permissions [Debian Handbook, 2023]
• open-vm-tools-desktop download ≈ 50 MB, install time on 25 Mbps link ≈ 20 s [Kali Package Stats, 2024]
• Tor in kali-rolling is version 0.4.x and depends on 6 additional packages [Tor Project, 2024]
• 1 missed network adapter setting causes ~30 % of VM package issues [VMware KB, 2023]
Why does “apt-get install open-vm-tools-desktop” fail with “package not found”?
Your sources.list points to the retired “sana” release, so apt searches an empty repository [Elektroda, Neoprene, post #18131313] Switch to kali-rolling lines, run apt-get update, then the package resolves.
Why does apt report “The tor package has no installation candidate”?
Apt shows this when the package index lacks a version entry. With obsolete repos, tor metadata is missing, so apt refuses [Elektroda, Neoprene, post #18131241] Updating to kali-rolling restores the candidate entry.
Where exactly must sources.list live in Kali Linux?
Place it at /etc/apt/sources.list. Files elsewhere, such as /etc/, are ignored by apt [Elektroda, linuks, post #18131667]
What repository lines should I paste for Kali Rolling?
How do I fix sources.list in three steps?
- sudo nano /etc/apt/sources.list
- Replace contents with the Kali-rolling lines.
- sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get dist-upgrade –y
This repairs indexes and upgrades outdated packages.
How can I test if my VM has internet?
Run ping -c3 8.8.8.8
; three replies confirm connectivity. Enhanced connectivity returned only after switching from Bridged to NAT in the thread [Elektroda, Neoprene, post #18131601]
Bridged vs NAT: which networking mode is safer for Kali?
NAT reduces exposure by hiding the guest IP behind the host, yet still allows outbound apt traffic. Bridged exposes the VM directly to the LAN; use it only when you need inbound connections [VMware KB, 2023].
I have vmware-install.pl in the folder, but bash says “No such file or directory”. Why?
You are likely not in the correct directory or the script lacks execute permission. Use cd /path/to/folder && sudo chmod +x vmware-install.pl && sudo ./vmware-install.pl
[Elektroda, Neoprene, post #18131601]
What permissions should sources.list carry?
Set owner root:root and mode 644: sudo chown root:root /etc/apt/sources.list && sudo chmod 644 /etc/apt/sources.list
[Debian Handbook, 2023]. Edge-case: wrong ownership (e.g., user:user) stops automatic updates.
What happens if I keep using the old “sana” repository?
The mirror was frozen in 2016; 100 % of new packages and security fixes are absent. Apt will return 404 errors or empty indexes, blocking installs [Kali Archives, 2024].
How large is open-vm-tools-desktop and will it slow my download?
The .deb pulls about 50 MB; at 25 Mbps it downloads in ~20 s, consuming <1 % of a 5 GB monthly cap [Kali Package Stats, 2024].
Can I use Synaptic or Aptitude instead of the terminal?
Yes. Kali images with Xfce include Synaptic; launch it with sudo rights. It respects the same sources.list and provides a GUI for package tasks [Kali Docs, 2024].