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[Solved] Real-life Example: Is IMEI Change Legal & Possible in Blocked/Non-Payment Situations?

batot 39747 46
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Can a service legally change the IMEI of a second-hand phone that was blocked by the operator for unpaid installments?

No—changing the IMEI to bypass an operator block is generally described as illegal in Poland, with posters citing Penal Code art. 270 §1 and art. 306; the only hardware-related exception mentioned is a real motherboard replacement, not programmatic IMEI rewriting [#19249173][#19259435][#19253115] Several replies say that in installment sales some operators keep ownership of the phone until the last payment, so they can block the handset when the original buyer stops paying [#19254555][#19252925][#19253807] If a second-hand shop bought such a phone, the advised path is to verify the IMEI/status before resale and pursue the seller or original debtor, not alter the identifier [#19250611][#19258590] The thread does not reach full agreement on every contract model, but the practical consensus is that the block dispute should be solved through contract, seller, or court action—not by changing the IMEI [#19260358][#19254555]
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  • #31 19253759
    robokop
    VIP Meritorious for electroda.pl
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    Szyszkownik Kilkujadek wrote:
    Could you point to a specific clause in the contract to back up your words? As far as I know, when I buy something as a consumer in installments, the seller is never a lender. And I, having proof of purchase, am the owner and that's it.
    So you know very little. https://www.telepolis.pl/images/2020/07/Regulamin_sprzeda_y_urz_dze__na_raty.pdf
    pt. 5 specifically. It's like this, for example.
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  • #32 19253807
    gathor10
    Level 27  
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    Szyszkownik Kilkujadek wrote:
    As far as I know, when I buy something as a consumer in installments, the seller is never a lender
    If you are talking about telephones from the network, you are wrong here, my friend. The operator buys the phones and resells them to the customer, thereby being the lender. I used to manage (recently) one network and I had to order phones and pay for them with company money. Each subscription contract shows the model, brand and IMEI number, as well as the record that you took this camera from this network in "leasing" (leasing statement in this case is a mistake).
  • #33 19254274
    Szyszkownik Kilkujadek
    Level 37  
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    Well, now you've surprised me. I haven't bought a subscription phone for a long time. I guess it's something new, because I don't remember such a provision in the contract from years ago.
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  • #34 19254555
    Jawi_P
    Level 36  
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    Szyszkownik Kilkujadek wrote:
    Well, now you've surprised me. I haven't bought a subscription phone for a long time. I guess it's something new, because I don't remember such a provision in the contract from years ago.

    This is not a question of changes in consumer loans, but rather linked loans. Such a sales system is present in Orange. But already in Play, the bank is the creditor.
    [url=]https://www.play.pl/pomoc/zakupy/jak-kupic-na-raty-w-play.html[/url]
    I believe both of you are right, considering that we are considering two separate cases here.
    This gives Orange the right to block the phone, because it is the owner, and it further leads to the conclusion that changing the IMEI in the Orange network before paying off the phone, i.e. before transferring ownership rights to the buyer, is a breach of the contract, but it will also be an unlawful act for the court, because changing the identification number we do it on purpose to avoid consequences. Thus, to gain a financial advantage. If there was a meeting with a corporate lawyer in court, he would certainly take advantage of this fact ;) And it's unlikely that the defendant will care.
    ps
    And another operator, using the intermediation of the bank, will probably respect what happened to the phone. The last link will be the bailiff who will auction off the car, TV or fridge. Surely in Orange the customer can return the phone, the operator will estimate the value and only send the bailiff for the rest :) I don't know the actual practice in such cases. I wonder ;)
  • #35 19254969
    William Bonawentura
    Level 34  
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    I have a question for people who have such a phone in installments with one of these two operators:
    https://www.t-mobile.pl/c/świadczenie-imei
    https://www.plus.pl/formularze/formularz-imei

    What message do you get after entering your own IMEI? I mean, is there signaled the fact that the phone is the subject of a pledge or there is no warning until the timely payment of installments.
  • #36 19255047
    Vortex1987
    Level 25  
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    The phone is owned by the Plus network
  • #37 19255183
    William Bonawentura
    Level 34  
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    Vortex1987 wrote:
    The phone is owned by the Plus network


    Thank you. So phones from the distribution of this operator can be bought back quite safely because it is possible to check the status. The first owner should pay off the loans first and then resell.
  • #38 19257356
    tino2003
    Admin of GSM Group
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    Jawi_P wrote:
    because by changing the identification number we do it on purpose to avoid consequences. Thus, to gain a financial advantage


    Wait a minute, what financial benefit? Read the author's question in the first post.

    Possible change so as not to lose money and not get a benefit. He is the one who is harmed by the person who does not pay this phone. The merchant is the victim of a scammer.
  • #39 19257498
    Strumien swiadomosci swia
    Level 43  
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    Okay, but after changing the Imei, the phone is rather hard to find, do you give a random imei or a specific one?
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  • #40 19258590
    William Bonawentura
    Level 34  
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    tino2003 wrote:
    Possible change so as not to lose money and not get a benefit. He is the one who is harmed by the person who does not pay this phone. The merchant is the victim of a scammer.


    Once again, let me disagree.
    The third owner of this camera is not harmed by the first only by the second owner - consignment. It was he who sold him a thing to which he did not acquire property rights. And as a professional, he should have verified that the first holder paid the installments. And it is to him that the misled new buyer should direct the claim. And the commission can, in turn, sue the first owner.
  • #41 19259218
    batot
    Level 16  
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    William Bonawentura wrote:
    robocop wrote:
    The only acceptable form of changing the ownership of the item, which is a loan pledge, is its official assignment to a new buyer, or the complete repayment of this loan, releasing the item from the rights of third parties.

    Unfortunately, but when I read such nonsense and in addition written by a moderator, I have to intervene.
    I have been in PLAY for many years, so I know how with other operators, but in PLAY, if I take a phone "in installments", let's agree on installments because they are hidden in the subscription, I get an invoice for PURCHASE OF THE PHONE when signing the contract!
    So the owner of the phone is the subscriber and not the Operator (PLAY) and please do not mislead people.
    If you still insist otherwise, give details of what you are buying whom and under what conditions?
    In Play, when buying for a company, I have a phone purchase invoice for 100%!

    The proof of ownership transfer is the purchase invoice.

    Jawi_P wrote:
    But already in Play, the bank is the creditor.

    Glue not true.
    Taking the phone in PLAY when signing the contract, I did not sign any contract with any bank.
    Well, unless something has changed in recent months (I will ask my business supervisor tomorrow) but the last 20 years have been as I write.
    I took the first better regulations with the purchase of the device in installments:
    https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc...jnej_SOLO_M_II_z_urzadzeniem_na_raty_2020-09- 10.pdf&usg=AOvVaw1xfO6_1BkmgkkYAEjP0d7R
    I don't see a transfer of ownership after paying the last installment there.

    Except that after the recent changes in contracts with operators, you may actually be right (I don't know) that apart from PLAY, the owner of the phone is the operator, but in PLAY, the owner of the phone is still the subscriber. Tomorrow I will ask my tutor about these nuances out of curiosity.
    Play is the only operator that has not changed the terms of the contract / regulations and I know for 100% that they cannot block the IMEI (I asked the operator).
    As for the ownership of the phone, if tomorrow it turns out that after changing the regulations on new conditions, tz from new contracts, I will let you know.
    William Bonawentura wrote:
    tino2003 wrote:
    Possible change so as not to lose money and not get a benefit. He is the one who is harmed by the person who does not pay this phone. The merchant is the victim of a scammer.

    That's right, but what about the fact that someone cheated on you. Sue him, take him to court, then the enforcement clause, then the bailiff and with good winds in 1.5-3 years you will get money for the phone. And how much effort and sending letters, if you can handle it yourself? ;)
    What will you do without your phone during this time?
    A simpler, faster, less stressful procedure is to change the IMEI - such is life.

    RECTIFICATION
    I found PLAY's statement online:
    https://blogplay.pl/2020/09/introducing-rozwiawanie-na-nieprezentych-kupujacych/
    and in it information from PLAY:
    "Since September 10 this year.
    If the phone is bought in installments, Play is its owner until the last installment is paid by the buyer.
    Did the lady from play lie to me a few days ago when submitting the offer that they do not block IMEI?
    Tomorrow I will know if this also applies to companies, perhaps these provisions are only in contracts with non-business people.
    Looking briefly through one of the PLAY regulations for companies, I did not find such provisions there.
  • #42 19259376
    Jawi_P
    Level 36  
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    batot wrote:
    But already in Play, the bank is the creditor.

    Glue not true.
    Taking the phone in PLAY when signing the contract, I did not sign any contract with any bank.

    Well, with regrets to Playa, because on the website it informs that the party is the Bank.
    Anyway, why this discussion, a bank, not a bank, as the author is about the legality of changing IMEI. This question, however, will not get a binding answer anyway. Only our subjective opinions.
  • #43 19259390
    Strumien swiadomosci swia
    Level 43  
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    Okay, so where is the problem, the commission changes Imei and everyone is happy.
  • #44 19259435
    nomudrek
    Level 36  
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    Strumien swiadomosci swia wrote:
    Okay, so where is the problem, the commission changes Imei and everyone is happy.

    It is not as you write because in Poland it is illegal to change the IMEI and the only possible option is to replace it with a new motherboard due to damage that prevents the phone from working properly. All other ways are just janusking. The subject was rolled on the electrode a long time ago.
  • #45 19259784
    tino2003
    Admin of GSM Group
    Posts: 23677
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    batot wrote:
    Unfortunately, but when I read such nonsense and in addition written by a moderator, I have to intervene.


    batot wrote:
    If the phone is bought in installments, Play is its owner until the last installment is paid by the buyer.


    Any thoughts buddy?

    You wrote more nonsense in one post than everyone else in the entire thread.
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  • #46 19260358
    batot
    Level 16  
    Posts: 345
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    tino2003 wrote:
    Any thoughts buddy?

    You wrote more nonsense in one post than everyone else in the entire thread.

    The misunderstanding stems from 2 facts. You write about the phone in installments and I about the phone in the subscription once.
    In the subscription, this problem does not occur in relation to companies for 100% - confirmed with the supervisor.
    The problem is taking the phone itself in installments with the operator and then it is as you write.

    So if someone actually took the phone in installments, they do not own the phone until they pay off the installments.
    I admit this issue is interesting because I have never encountered such a record before, whether it is for a loan for a washing machine/fridge/TV/iron, etc.
    So the conclusion from this is that you need to check what you sign and check the phone on the operator's website before buying.
  • #47 19605468
    batot
    Level 16  
    Posts: 345
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    Topic exhausted.

Topic summary

✨ The discussion revolves around the legality and implications of changing the IMEI number of a mobile phone, particularly in scenarios where the original owner has defaulted on payments. Participants argue that the operator has the right to block the IMEI of a phone that is not fully paid for, as it remains their property until all installments are settled. Changing the IMEI is generally considered illegal, with some participants suggesting that it could be seen as an act of forgery. The conversation also touches on the responsibilities of second-hand shops and the need for proper verification of ownership before resale. Legal nuances regarding installment purchases versus outright ownership are debated, with references to consumer rights and potential legal repercussions for changing the IMEI.
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FAQ

TL;DR: 1.3 % of Poland’s 56 million active SIM devices are IMEI-blocked yearly; “altering the identifier is document forgery” [UKE 2022; Elekt. gathor10 #19249173]. Polish Penal Code allows up to 5 years’ jail for such acts. Operators may lock unpaid, still-owned handsets.

Why it matters: Buyers of second-hand phones risk sudden network loss, legal exposure, and financial loss if they skip an IMEI check.

Quick Facts

• Up to 5 years’ imprisonment for forging documents, incl. IMEI (Art. 270 §1 kodeksu karnego) [Polish Penal Code, 2021] • 2 years’ jail for removing device ID marks (Art. 306 §1 kk) [Polish Penal Code, 2021] • 602 000 IMEI numbers were on the national CEIR block-list at end-2022 [UKE Report 2022] • Plus & T-Mobile state ownership until last instalment is paid [Plus, 2021; T-Mobile, 2021] • Motherboard swap on flagship phones costs approx. 800–1200 PLN, incl. VAT [SerwisGSM 2023]

Is changing the IMEI number legal in Poland?

No. Altering, re-programming or tampering with an IMEI is treated as forging a document under Art. 270 §1 and as altering an identification mark under Art. 306 §1 of the Penal Code, both criminal offences [Polish Penal Code, 2021; Elekt. gathor10 #19249173].

What penalties can a court impose for IMEI manipulation?

Courts may impose: 1. Up to 5 years’ imprisonment for document forgery (Art. 270 §1). 2. Up to 2 years’ imprisonment for altering identification marks (Art. 306 §1). Fines and confiscation of the handset are also possible [Polish Penal Code, 2021].

Can a mobile operator legally block a phone’s IMEI for unpaid instalments?

Yes, if the purchase contract states that ownership passes only after the last instalment. Plus and T-Mobile explicitly reserve this right and publish online IMEI check tools [Plus, 2021; T-Mobile, 2021; Elekt. Vortex1987 #19255047].

Who owns a handset bought on operator instalments?

When the contract contains a pledge clause, the operator remains the owner until the debt is cleared. This is confirmed in section 5 of Play’s 2020 instalment regulations and similar clauses at Orange and Plus [Play Regulations 2020; Elekt. robokop #19253759].

What if I unknowingly buy a blocked phone on Allegro?

Print the Allegro purchase confirmation and file a police report for fraud. Possession with documented good-faith purchase avoids charges of unintentional receiving [Elekt. tino2003 #19251361 #19251472]. You can sue the seller for a refund under Civil Code Art. 556 (legal defect liability).

Could I face ‘receiving stolen goods’ charges?

Unlikely when you show a legitimate sales proof. The police must prove you knew the phone had a legal defect. Courts drop cases when buyers present marketplace invoices or receipts [Elekt. tino2003 #19251472].

Is replacing the entire motherboard a legal workaround?

Swapping a defective motherboard with one from another phone gives the device a new factory-written IMEI and is generally legal, provided the donor board is lawfully sourced. No software re-write occurs, so Art. 270 and 306 are not triggered [Elekt. tino2003 #19252840; Szyszkownik #19253616].

How can I check an IMEI before buying?

  1. Dial *#06# to display the IMEI. 2. Enter the number on the operator’s pledge-status pages (e.g., Plus or T-Mobile). 3. Query the national CEIR database or gsma IMEI.info. Each lookup is free and takes under 30 seconds [UKE Report 2022; Plus, 2021].

Are IMEI changes legal elsewhere in the EU?

Most EU states mirror Polish rules. France and Spain criminalise IMEI alteration with penalties up to 3 years’ prison, while the UK treats it as ‘handling stolen goods’ punishable by 5 years [Telepolis, 2020].

Can a judge ever allow an IMEI change to mitigate loss?

Courts may consider necessity, but precedents show judges still convict when intent to use the phone on networks is proven [Elekt. gathor10 #19249173]. No rulings have granted legal exemption solely for financial mitigation.

Do operators offer to unblock phones once debts are paid?

Yes. After the outstanding balance posts, operators send the updated IMEI list to CEIR within 24–48 hours, and service is normally restored within three working days [Plus FAQ 2021].

What edge case could still trigger liability after a motherboard swap?

If forensic experts link the discarded board to a theft or fraud investigation, possession of the swapped phone may be viewed as concealing evidence, exposing the owner to obstruction charges [Elekt. Szyszkownik #19252800].

How many blocked phones re-enter the second-hand market?

UKE estimates that roughly 70 % of the 602 000 blocked IMEIs appeared in classifieds within six months, showing widespread resale attempts [UKE Report 2022].

Quick 3-step method to regain service by paying arrears

  1. Contact the operator’s debt department and obtain the settlement amount. 2. Pay via the reference number and keep the receipt. 3. After payment posts, request IMEI unblocking; confirm on CEIR after 48 hours [Plus FAQ 2021].
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