On-grid photovoltaics to the socket / microinverter

Hello.
Due to the fact that I do not know the subject of photovoltaics, I wanted to ask about on-grid installations. Recently I heard that installations can be connected directly to the socket. The connection is made by means of a microinverter mounted on the panel.

I tried to find answers to my questions, but most of the descriptions are related to large installations and separate switchboards with protection.

I found one representative on the Internet and he replied that you can normally connect it to the socket and everything should work. He also wrote that I do not have to report such a connection to the power industry.

Has anyone done something like this?
What if there is a short circuit on the circuit to which the installation is connected and the overcurrent protection in the main switchgear works - the microinverter with the EV panel is still connected and generates energy.

What about the legalization of such an installation? After all, as it is normally plugged into the socket, you also need all these documents with diagrams and measurements from an electrician?

Theoretically, if you do not give energy to the grid, but consume everything on an ongoing basis, you do not have to report. But if you have an electronic meter, take into account that any surplus returned to the network will be counted by the meter as your consumption. For peace of mind, it's better to report such an installation.

elvis1987 wrote:

What if there is a short circuit on the circuit to which the installation is connected and the overcurrent protection in the main switchgear works - the microinverter with the EV panel is still connected and generates energy.

In the event of a power failure from the grid, the microinverter will turn off automatically.

Can every on-grid microinverter be plugged into an outlet? I found some microinverters online, but the manual did not mention the possibility of plugging directly into the socket in the apartment.

Does anyone know of any models that can be connected like this?

Generally, each on-grid inverter plugs into the grid. A part of the network is also an electric socket in the apartment. It's more about power, larger inverters require protection, smaller ones - here you have to read the manual, sometimes they have built-in protection.
I dug up Commission Regulation (EU) 2016/631 of April 14, 2016 - notification procedure for PV installations, and it turns out that it specifies requirements only for installations with a capacity above 0.8 kW. If the set is smaller, you do not need to submit any documents or report anything, because ZE treat such installations as off-grid.
There is only a risk, as I wrote in the previous post, that the overproduction will be counted by the electronic counter as consumption. If you have a traditional meter, there is no problem.
There are whole kits on sale for connecting to the socket in the apartment.

Such a micro installation is a good way to get acquainted with PV. There are also people who install one panel and a microinverter to see if a large installation makes sense in a given location (large trees, blocks of flats, etc.).

That's what I'm trying to do with photovoltaics. I found a few microinverters and on Monday I will call the manufacturers / shops if their devices can be used in such a solution. And whether their microinverters have the appropriate certificates - because I heard that there are problems with some Chinese.
Do such microinverters also have the ability to control statistics? Do I need to buy an additional module?

Check well, even here on the Forum there is a thread about micro inverters, which when they work, there is no question of receiving DVB-T or FM in stereo, and the GSM range is lost in their vicinity.

That's one more question. The manual says that LL, LV and PE-PE should be connected

I have a network at home. TN-C system in my switchgear I have a N and PE section. Can such a set of panels and a microinverter also function properly in this case?

elvis1987 wrote:

I have a network at home. TN-C system in my switchgear I have a N and PE section. Can such a set of panels and a microinverter also function properly in this case?

As for the division into N and PE, the network is TN-S, or TN-CS. I understand that the split point is grounded?

In the case of a common neutral and protective conductor, there is a risk of voltage appearing on the metal housing of the microinverter.

MichałS wrote:

...In the case of a common neutral and protective conductor, there is a risk of voltage appearing on the metal housing of the microinverter.

You got me interested, please elaborate.
Give the difference in connecting the inverter to a house installation with undivided PEN into N and PE, and connecting the inverter to a house installation with divided PEN into N and PE.

I live in a block of flats with an exposed south-facing terrace.
Unfortunately, only two wires come to me. When the electrician was doing a new installation, he made a section (N and PE) in my private switchgear (then L and N for the differential).

Can I also install these on-grid inverters in such a solution?

You can, they will work, but it is necessary to ensure that N and L are not swapped.

krzywy1 wrote:

I dug up Commission Regulation (EU) 2016/631 of April 14, 2016 - notification procedure for PV installations, and it turns out that it specifies requirements only for installations with a capacity above 0.8 kW. If the set is smaller, you do not need to submit any documents or report anything, because ZE treats such installations as off-grid.

I see no obstacles to report such an installation below 800W and become a prosumer.
If the microinverter is on this list http://ptpiree.pl/documents/opracowania/kodek.../2022-02-01-wykaz-certyfikowane--urzadzen.pdf then there should be no problem with receiving such a notification by the DSO.
The RES Act does not provide for a lower limit of installation capacity

Almost everyone has an electronic meter. Therefore, it is worth reporting the installation as a prosumer and obtaining two-way counting. If only so that there is no holiday situation when production will be and consumption will not. And on my return, a wild electricity bill.