logo elektroda
logo elektroda
X
logo elektroda

LTSpice circuit symbols for VCM, Vg, VCC, and C infinite—what do they represent?

12 25
ADVERTISEMENT
  • #1 21684365
    Robinson-Constantin Chera
    Anonymous  
  • ADVERTISEMENT
  • #2 21684366
    Elizabeth Simon
    Anonymous  
  • #3 21684367
    Robinson-Constantin Chera
    Anonymous  
  • #4 21684368
    PeterTraneus Anderson
    Anonymous  
  • ADVERTISEMENT
  • #5 21684369
    PeterTraneus Anderson
    Anonymous  
  • ADVERTISEMENT
  • #6 21684370
    Robinson-Constantin Chera
    Anonymous  
  • #7 21684371
    PeterTraneus Anderson
    Anonymous  
  • #8 21684372
    Robinson-Constantin Chera
    Anonymous  
  • #9 21684373
    Robinson-Constantin Chera
    Anonymous  
  • #10 21684374
    PeterTraneus Anderson
    Anonymous  
  • #11 21684375
    Robinson-Constantin Chera
    Anonymous  
  • #12 21684376
    PeterTraneus Anderson
    Anonymous  
  • #13 21684377
    Robinson-Constantin Chera
    Anonymous  
  • ADVERTISEMENT
  • #14 21684378
    Robinson-Constantin Chera
    Anonymous  
  • #15 21684379
    PeterTraneus Anderson
    Anonymous  
  • #16 21684380
    Robinson-Constantin Chera
    Anonymous  
  • #17 21684381
    PeterTraneus Anderson
    Anonymous  
  • #18 21684382
    PeterTraneus Anderson
    Anonymous  
  • #19 21684383
    Elizabeth Simon
    Anonymous  
  • #20 21684384
    Robinson-Constantin Chera
    Anonymous  
  • #21 21684385
    PeterTraneus Anderson
    Anonymous  
  • #22 21684386
    PeterTraneus Anderson
    Anonymous  
  • #23 21684387
    PeterTraneus Anderson
    Anonymous  
  • #24 21684388
    Robinson-Constantin Chera
    Anonymous  
  • #26 21684390
    fasdfas dfasdfasef
    Anonymous  

Topic summary

The discussion focuses on implementing a transistor-based operational transconductance amplifier circuit in LTSpice, clarifying the roles and symbols of VCM, Vg, VCC, and Cinf. VCC and VCM are DC voltage sources, with VCC typically set at 10 V and VCM at half of VCC (e.g., 1.5 V). Vg is an AC sine wave input, commonly at 1 kHz frequency with a small amplitude (recommended around 0.05 mV peak) to avoid output saturation. Cinf is a capacitor intended to act as a short circuit at the signal frequency, decoupling DC components and ensuring proper AC gain. The gain (Av) target is 1500, calculated using transistor transconductance (Gm) and current gain (beta), with formulas relating collector currents and resistor values. R1 is fixed at 15 kΩ, while R2 is calculated to set the quiescent collector current, approximately 970 kΩ for the desired gain. The circuit's performance depends on transistor parameters, including beta (e.g., 515.4 for PNP BC857C and 524.9 for NPN BC847C) and thermal matching. Simulation challenges include obtaining expected sine wave outputs and avoiding flat-line signals, addressed by adjusting input amplitude, capacitor sizing, and verifying current waveforms. The discussion also emphasizes analyzing the circuit from output to input, considering transistor currents and voltages, and ensuring component values align with transistor maximum ratings and desired operating points.
Summary generated by the language model.
ADVERTISEMENT