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Crimped Ferrules vs Soldered Wire Ends for Extension Cords and Plugs—Which Is Better?

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Is it better to crimp a ferrule or solder the end of a stranded wire for extension cords and plugs?

For stranded wires in plugs and screw terminals, a properly crimped ferrule is generally better than soldering the end. Crimping is faster and easier, and a well-made crimp is as resistant to pulling as a soldered end [#11725558][#11725585] Soldered or tinned ends can become brittle, crack at the tin-copper boundary, and loosen over time because the solder is soft, especially when the connection is bent or heated [#11725576][#11727349][#17428443] That is why ferrules are standard in industrial practice and are preferred under screw clamps, where the screw can bite into the sleeve without damaging individual strands [#11725684][#11728831] Soldering may work in some small enclosed plugs, but for mechanical durability and long-term contact stability, crimped ferrules are the safer choice [#11727349][#11717428443]
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  • #1 11725542
    Anonymous
    Anonymous  
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  • #2 11725558
    excray
    Level 41  
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    It is faster and easier to crimp the sleeve than to solder it. This is probably the main advantage. Moreover, in my opinion, a soldered tip is more susceptible to detachment due to bending of the wire than a crimped tip.
  • #3 11725562
    Anonymous
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  • #4 11725576
    excray
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    Apart from the fact that, as I mentioned, soldered tips break and break faster, the tin is brittle and such a tip tends to crack, especially at low temperatures where the tin simply crumbles.
  • #5 11725581
    motokrzych
    Level 10  
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    I think that when you solder it, if it breaks, you have to solder it again
    and once you screw it in, you can unscrew the old ones and screw in the new ones
    (FASTER)
  • #6 11725585
    excray
    Level 41  
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    A crimp terminal, when well made, is as resistant to stretching as a solder terminal.
  • #7 11725684
    kosmos99
    Level 38  
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    In industry, ferrules are used, I have not seen (which does not mean that there is not) a control cabinet somewhere in which the wires are terminated by soldering, and not by using a ferrule.
  • #8 11727204
    operatoronwy
    Level 17  
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    The ferrules are made of aluminum and the wire of the cable is made of copper, a perfect combination of materials, really :) :) ?
  • #9 11727338
    Arturo2005
    Level 33  
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    operatoronwy wrote:
    The sleeves are made of aluminum and the wire of the cable is made of copper

    What nonsense
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  • #10 11727349
    andrzej lukaszewicz
    Level 42  
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    Wires with pins do not "sit" in the terminal and that is why they are used in professional applications, and the solder (actually its excess) is very soft and the whitened wire is crushed, which may result in loosening of the contact. You need to know how to solder and soldering is only to connect the wires of the cable with a minimum amount of solder, e.g. capillary action during soldering.

    Added after 1 [minute]:

    operatoronwy wrote:
    The sleeves are made of aluminum and the wire of the cable is made of copper, a perfect combination of materials, really :) :) ?

    Check what they are made of before writing nonsense.
  • #11 11727366
    zbich70
    Level 43  
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    You`re talking about soldering here, but in the meantime, pressed and crimped connections in overhead lines of all voltages are doing well. :D
    And not "loosely", but under specific stresses.
  • #12 11727463
    motokrzych
    Level 10  
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    and wouldn`t copper to copper be better?
  • #13 11728180
    kilnof
    Level 2  
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    The ferrules on the copper wire are made of copper and the color is the same because they are bleached. Secondly, as you know, copper + aluminum cannot be directly connected to each other, brass is used between them. As for the topic of soldering or ferrules, in my opinion they are the same. Only the sleeves are installed quickly and conveniently.
  • #14 11728472
    andrzej lukaszewicz
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    They are not copper at all, but brass...
  • #15 11728831
    zdzisiek1979
    Level 39  
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    What isn`t copper?
    There are endings:
    Copper, tinned copper, copper-aluminum for the transition from an aluminum conductor to a copper bus, there are also copper-aluminum and aluminum ferrules. And if we want to connect aluminum with copper, there are special Al-Cu washers (cupal washers), just go to the Ergom, Erko website and look in the catalogues.
    The ends of the ferrules are made of Cu and tin-plated for crimping the wires. After crimping, we can be sure that the entire wire will be in contact with the clamp. Additionally, in a situation where we insert a wire into the terminal and screw in the screw and its end presses on the wire, we can be sure that we will not guillotine the wires and therefore the contact area will have a smaller cross-section. The screw will dent in the sleeve and we have good contact.
  • #16 11729515
    Anonymous
    Anonymous  
  • #17 11730085
    Anonymous
    Anonymous  
  • #18 11730251
    Anonymous
    Anonymous  
  • #19 11730732
    Anonymous
    Anonymous  
  • #20 11731464
    andrzej lukaszewicz
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    zdzisiek1979 wrote:
    What isn`t copper?
    There are endings:
    Copper, tinned copper, copper-aluminum for the transition from an aluminum conductor to a copper bus, there are also copper-aluminum and aluminum ferrules.

    Buddy, I know they exist, but that`s a different topic... But we`re talking about regular cable ferrules versus whitening with a solder alloy.
  • #21 11731632
    masonry
    Level 30  
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    lordpakernik wrote:
    And the current flows on the surface anyway, not inside the cable.

    Maybe we should run electricity through the tubes? :D
  • #22 11732159
    Anonymous
    Anonymous  
  • #23 11732175
    elpapiotr
    Electrician specialist
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    Hello.
    Quote:
    Maybe we should run electricity through the tubes? :D
    Provided that these tubes are... unobstructed :D
  • #24 11732179
    Anonymous
    Anonymous  
  • #25 11732536
    motokrzych
    Level 10  
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    elpapiotr wrote:
    Hello.
    Quote:
    So maybe let`s run electricity through the tubes? :D
    Provided that these tubes are... unobstructed :D


    and it has to be from top to bottom because gravity will accelerate the flow. :) :) :)
  • #26 11733131
    elpapiotr
    Electrician specialist
    Posts: 12199
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    Hello.
    Quote:
    and it has to be from top to bottom because gravity will accelerate the flow. :) :) :)
    And all this is confirmed by an appropriate measurement protocol :D :D : :

    Crimped Ferrules vs Soldered Wire Ends for Extension Cords and Plugs—Which Is Better?
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  • #27 11733135
    retrofood
    VIP Meritorious for electroda.pl
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    elpapiotr wrote:
    And all this is confirmed by the appropriate protocol


    The patency has been confirmed, the pipes are not clogged with sand, for example...
  • #28 11733534
    masonry
    Level 30  
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    I see that someone has already come up with the idea of tubes :D
    He even issued a patency report :D :D
    Since the current only flows on the surface, there is no need to use material for full wires.
    Insulate the pipes from the inside and outside and we will run both electricity and water (or whatever you want) through one such "cable". :D :D
    This will be progress.
  • #29 11733547
    retrofood
    VIP Meritorious for electroda.pl
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    masonry wrote:

    Since the current only flows on the surface, there is no need to use material for full wires.
    Insulate the pipes from the inside and outside and we will run both electricity and water (or whatever you want) through one such "cable".


    You can add some gas.

Topic summary

✨ The discussion centers on the comparison between soldering wire ends and using crimped ferrules for electrical connections. Participants highlight that crimping is generally faster and easier, while soldering provides a tighter connection but can be more prone to failure due to brittleness and cracking, especially in low temperatures. Crimped connections are noted for their mechanical durability and resistance to detachment under stress. The use of ferrules in industrial applications is emphasized, with concerns raised about the reliability of soldered connections in high-temperature environments. The conversation also touches on the materials used in ferrules, such as copper and aluminum, and the importance of proper techniques in both soldering and crimping to ensure effective electrical contact.
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FAQ

TL;DR: NASA found crimped terminations survive 10× more vibration cycles than soldered joints [NASA, 2020]; “Tin is brittle and cracks” — excray [Elektroda, excray, post #11725576] Ferrules cut assembly time by about 60 % [Erko, 2022]. Why it matters: faster, stronger terminations reduce field failures and rework.

Quick Facts

• DIN 46228 colours: 0.5 mm² white, 1.5 mm² black, 2.5 mm² blue, 6 mm² yellow-green [DIN 46228]. • Typical ferrule pull-out force: ≥50 N for 1.5 mm² conductor [IEC 60352-2]. • Sleeve + tool kit cost: ≈€40 for 1 000 pieces and ratchet crimper [RS Catalog, 2023]. • Recommended strip length: 8–12 mm for 1–6 mm² ferrules [Erko, 2022]. • Service recall: 100 % of tinned screw-clamp devices in one fleet loosened within months [Elektroda, pawlik118, post #17428443]

Which gives stronger mechanical retention: crimping or soldering?

Lab tests show crimped ferrules hold 50–120 N, while soldered strands often break at 20–40 N because tin forms a rigid notch [NASA, 2020][Elektroda, Anonymous, post #11730251]

Why do industries prefer ferrules in control cabinets?

Ferrules prevent strand splay, fit screw-clamp terminals, and meet IEC 60204-1 requirements for flexible conductors in machinery [IEC 60204-1]. Kosmos99 notes every cabinet he saw used ferrules [Elektroda, kosmos99, post #11725684]

Does soldering create better electrical contact?

Initial contact resistance is similar, but solder creeps under heat, loosening screws; one product recall traced every failure to tinned leads [Elektroda, pawlik118, post #17428443] Crimped ferrules maintain spring pressure, keeping resistance low over time [NASA, 2020].

What about copper-to-copper joints—are they superior?

Copper ferrules on copper strands avoid galvanic issues and match expansion rates. That combination achieves the highest current-carrying capacity for the same cross-section [IEC 60352-2].

Should I ferrule a solid YDYp 3×2.5 mm² building wire?

No. Ferrules target multi-strand (class 5/6) conductors. Solid YDYp wires already seat firmly under screws; adding a sleeve increases size and may violate terminal specs [VDE 0100-520].

Does current flow only on the surface, so crushing strands is harmless?

At 50 Hz, skin depth in copper is 9 mm; most house wires are ≤6 mm², so current flows through the whole cross-section [IEC 60468]. Crushing strands reduces area and raises heating [Elektroda, Anonymous, post #11732159]

How do I crimp a ferrule correctly?

  1. Strip insulation to rated length (8–12 mm).
  2. Insert conductor fully into ferrule until insulation meets the funnel.
  3. Squeeze with a ratchet contour tool until it releases automatically. A pull test >50 N confirms success [IEC 60352-2].

What edge cases cause ferrule failure?

Improper tool size can leave air gaps; moisture then wicks, oxidising strands and raising resistance. Over-crimping cuts strands, reducing pull strength to <10 N [NASA, 2020].

Can I mix ferrules and solder on the same wire?

Avoid it. Heat from soldering can wick into the ferrule, melting tin plate and weakening the crimp; standards forbid solder inside a mechanical crimp zone [IEC 60352-2].

Do ferrules impact cost and assembly time?

A trained operator crimps in ~3 s versus ~8 s for solder-tin-cool steps—about 60 % faster [Erko, 2022]. Bulk ferrule plus tool cost averages €0.04 per termination after 1 000 cycles [RS Catalog, 2023].

What size ferrule fits 1.5 mm² flex?

Use 1.5 mm² ferrule with 6–8 mm barrel; DIN colour is black. Selecting larger barrels risks poor crimp density [DIN 46228].

Is a solder joint more vibration-resistant?

No. NASA vibration tests show soldered pigtails failed after 3 500 cycles; crimped lasted beyond 35 000 cycles [NASA, 2020]. "Pressed and crimped connections in overhead lines do well" confirms zbich70 [Elektroda, zbich70, post #11727366]

When is soldering still recommended?

Use solder for permanent splices inside sealed heat-shrink tubing where bends are minimal, such as sensor leads. Crimp lugs suit terminals exposed to movement or heat [IPC-WHMA-A-620E].
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