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BLDC 36v 250W electric motor for conversion of 2 phases into 3 phases

drvatican 14520 20
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Can I adapt a BLDC e-bike hub motor with only two thick power wires and built-in electronics to work with a standard Chinese 3-phase controller?

No, not by simple rewiring: the controller is built into the motor, so the two thick leads are the battery supply and the thin bundle is for control functions, not external 3-phase outputs [#16982087][#16984851] To use a standard Chinese 3-phase controller, you would have to remove or bypass the internal board inside the hub and get direct access to the motor windings, which is the difficult part [#16982195] Otherwise, the practical solution is to find the original driver for this specific motor [#16982840] The remaining thin wires should be identified experimentally as ignition, throttle, brake, speedometer, etc.; the throttle input may be Hall-based or potentiometric rather than a simple fixed resistor [#16982925][#16985558]
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  • #1 16982027
    drvatican
    Level 13  
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    Hello
    I have an electric motor without a brush for a BLDC bicycle, which has two thick power cables and 7 thin cables (for Hall sensors and a temperature sensor, all 8 thin cables, but one white is not connected). Popular controllers for bicycle engines on the market require 3 thick power cords. Is there any way to rework this motor to control popular Chinese 3 phase wires? Photos of the motor and plug are sent in the attachment. Thank you in advance for your help. greetings
    BLDC 36v 250W electric motor for conversion of 2 phases into 3 phases BLDC 36v 250W electric motor for conversion of 2 phases into 3 phases BLDC 36v 250W electric motor for conversion of 2 phases into 3 phases
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  • #2 16982087
    Freddy
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    Here the controller is built into the engine - three thick wires (those with sleeves) come out.
    All you need is power and control.
    Is this driver damaged?
    You would have to modify the system to remove the electronics that is and use your own.
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  • #3 16982153
    drvatican
    Level 13  
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    Hello
    I have the engine without a driver for it. Now the question is whether it is better to leave it as it is and make the right driver yourself (I suspect it can be complicated, because there is probably some programmed processor controlling all this) or use the driver as it should be originally for this engine (only if they are somewhere available to buy for two power cables with Hall and temperature sensors?) or get rid of the original electronics and use a Chinese controller for 3 phase cables with Hall sensors and auto adaptation? What changes would I have to make to use Chinese for 3 phase wires?
  • #4 16982195
    Freddy
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    You did not understand - this circuit board, which can be seen in the engine in the first photo, is the driver.
    See - I added descriptions in the picture.

    BLDC 36v 250W electric motor for conversion of 2 phases into 3 phases

    To control this engine differently, remove it from the plate that is in it.

    Look at my article on BLDC drivers. HERE .
  • #5 16982789
    drvatican
    Level 13  
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    Hello
    Of course I understood, but for this engine that I have, you also need a driver with a microprocessor that reads signals from Hall sensors, am I wrong? The plug in the picture has 10 pins, so it's not enough to just give voltage to the motor, but you also need an additional driver.
  • #6 16982795
    Freddy
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    Two thick power supplies are supplied to this plug, while the others can be used e.g. to connect a gas throttle, speedometer, etc.

    What exactly is the engine type?
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  • #7 16982807
    drvatican
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    The hub sticker has the number 5MR88JDMTR436V250WT3VD1D0767 36V 250W, The driver's board inside the engine has the designation smcmeltonb0604. Date of manufacture 2011.01.03
  • #8 16982837
    Freddy
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    Is it bought from some Chinese? Is there a producer there?
  • #9 16982840
    Strumien swiadomosci swia
    Level 43  
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    drvatican wrote:
    Chinese controllers for 3 phase conductors?


    You have outputs from the controller on a winding of 3 wires, but I would buy an ori driver for that.
  • #10 16982925
    Anonymous
    Anonymous  
  • #11 16982959
    Freddy
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    The controller will rather have a lever on the Hall effectors. This is a more popular and reliable solution.
  • #12 16982974
    Anonymous
    Anonymous  
  • #13 16983015
    Freddy
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    drvatican wrote:
    The hub sticker has the number 5MR88JDMTR436V250WT3VD1D0767 36V 250W, The driver's board inside the engine has the designation smcmeltonb0604. Date of manufacture 2011.01.03
    Show pictures of these hub stickers.
    See maybe there are some markings somewhere else.
    The plate is clearly visible.
  • #14 16984851
    drvatican
    Level 13  
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    Hello again.
    Unfortunately, there is no manufacturer on the wheel or in the engine inside. I attach with the engine number in the attachment, but uncle Google spreads his hands and the lack of any information about this system. I did a little bit of wiring and the case looks as follows, except for two thick power cables +/- after unraveling the remaining bundle of the finally thin wires there are 6 and none of they have no connection to the controller ground. Two wires (of these six thin) in black and red on the controller board have a separate plug (see photo) and I suspect they may be for battery back charging (although I may be wrong because back charging can take place over thick power cables) Now yes, I have 4 wires left, which I consider as engine control and an ignition switch in orange, blue, yellow and green. After connecting the 36V voltage to thick power cables and short circuit (short circuit through the hand, i.e. a few mA or uA) of the yellow wire with the main power supply plus the red indicator starts blinking (see photo). Continue holding the yellow thin and red thick plus cables tightly by hand, by touching the green wire with your finger, the motor starts to rotate. So from what I determined yellow and red fat, the main plus is the start of the driver, i.e. the ignition switch and in this position by attaching the green cable to it is the throttle. Only now the question is, what resistance can a dry hand have and what resistor can be used to start the controller so that it does not fray? The same resistor will probably be connected to the throttle in series with the potentiometer, since the motor starts by shorting the cables through the hand (interesting fact, if I touch the green wire with a dry finger, the motor rotates slowly, if I saliva my finger the engine starts at full power ;) It remains to decipher thin cables (red and black with a separate plug on the controller, and blue and orange)
    Thank you in advance for the hints and greetings.

    BLDC 36v 250W electric motor for conversion of 2 phases into 3 phases BLDC 36v 250W electric motor for conversion of 2 phases into 3 phases BLDC 36v 250W electric motor for conversion of 2 phases into 3 phases BLDC 36v 250W electric motor for conversion of 2 phases into 3 phases
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  • #15 16984881
    Freddy
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    You must experiment.
    Connect to these two thick 36V power supply and look if there is any voltage on thin cables, e.g. 5V.
    Where did you buy it from a Chinese?
    drvatican wrote:
    if I touch the green wire with a dry finger, the motor rotates slowly, if I lick my finger the engine starts at full power

    This indicates speed control ...
  • #16 16985325
    drvatican
    Level 13  
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    I bought a wheel in Poland on a popular website with a broken power cable as damaged, I thought it was the standard that I would replace the wiring, connect the Chinese driver and I would be speeding, and here such circuses, after spinning the engine, it turned out that the whole controller is inside the engine. Strange that you can't see any control mosfets, but they are probably on the other side of the board and the hub housing serves as a heat sink, I don't want to pull it out because everything is covered with waterproof rubber. Could someone measure the resistance of a traditional gas throttle? Is there the potentiometer itself or any additional resistor? (i.e. what is the resistance at the min, and what at the max) I contacted the seller of this engine, they import used parts for electric bicycles from Germany, the engine probably comes from the Winora F1 comfortline bicycle, from what I was able to find this engine is called Winora Mionic PST and originally has an LCD display in the wiring, getting the original wiring probably borders on a miracle ;) also it keeps on figuring out how this system will properly run.
  • #17 16985558
    Freddy
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    There are various gas shifters - usually hallotron, but they can be potentiometric.
  • #18 19112532
    p.lagowski
    Level 1  
    Posts: 1
    Hello, I am refreshing the topic of such an engine, unfortunately after repairing the engine, the winding temperature sensor was lost, can you ask for a hint with which to replace the original one?
  • #19 19548964
    andrzej warchoł
    Level 10  
    Posts: 4
    Rate: 2
    I have a similar problem with a 24v 250 watt motor. The engine in the rear wheel of the Zokes 660 bike is about 15 years old. Only two black and red power cables are connected to the motor. In addition, two thin gray wires probably to the sensor.
    The wheel moves after applying voltage and short-circuiting the sensor wires, the rest disconnected from the damaged controller.
    I want to get information about the motor or is it a 2-phase brushless motor? Are these on the market?
    I am asking for a bit of understanding, because I am 76 years old and the topic is difficult for me .. but I want to solve it.
    I would like to replace a broken lever and driver with something.
    Heinzmann engine .. I couldn't find it.
    Thank you in advance for understanding.
  • #20 19548981
    kkknc
    Level 43  
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    Looks like a brush.
  • #21 20664156
    pietrasten
    Level 1  
    Posts: 1

    Hello, I found this thread looking for the designation and function of the cables, and I know a bit about it. Moving from one apartment to another, I left the bike in the care of a friend, electric and the new ones. When he went, someone stole it that I didn't want to do anymore, and I took a broken bike from him. I say, and I'll fix it because I know a bit about it, and it was a UNION bike with the TRANS-X system. But mine is probably a newer model because I normally have three phases, three sensors hall in the same colors in the sense of yellow thick, yellow thin, blue thick, blue thin, green thick, green thin, brown thin, and white thin. And black and red thin as probably power supply, but knowing the trans-x system, I would not be so sure. Each company has some secrets. The first time I opened the driver of this company, it turned out that the phases do not go with colors as they should. Yellow went to green, green to blue, and blue to yellow. So better without testing with a meter, do not trust what you see. Greetings.

Topic summary

✨ The discussion revolves around a BLDC (Brushless DC) 36V 250W electric motor that has two thick power cables and several thin cables for Hall sensors and a temperature sensor. The user seeks advice on how to adapt this motor for use with popular Chinese 3-phase controllers, which typically require three thick power wires. Responses indicate that the motor's internal controller is likely integrated, and modifications may be necessary to use a different controller. Suggestions include experimenting with the wiring to identify functions of the thin cables and considering the purchase of an original driver compatible with the motor. The user also shares details about the motor's specifications and the challenges faced in finding compatible components.
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FAQ

TL;DR: For 36 V 250 W hub motors, "the circuit board … is the driver," so two thick wires feed an internal controller; to use a generic 3‑phase controller, you must first remove it. [Elektroda, Freddy, post #16982195]

Why it matters: This FAQ helps DIY e‑bike tinkerers decide between keeping the integrated controller or converting to an external 3‑phase unit, and shows how to identify control wires safely.

Quick Facts

Is my 36 V 250 W hub motor really a BLDC with the controller inside?

Yes. The PCB you see in the hub is the motor driver. Power the unit via the two thick leads and control it through the thin harness. If you want an external 3‑phase controller, the internal board must be removed to expose U/V/W and sensors. [Elektroda, Freddy, post #16982195]

Can I convert a 2‑power‑wire hub to a generic 3‑phase e‑bike controller?

Only after you physically remove the internal controller. Then bring out the three phase windings and any Hall/temperature leads. Without that change, a 3‑phase controller will have nowhere to connect. "You would have to modify the system to remove the electronics." [Elektroda, Freddy, post #16982087]

Which wire is the throttle or ignition in the thin bundle?

Some systems use a thin ignition wire tied to battery + to wake the controller, plus a separate throttle input. In one documented case, a yellow thin wire enabled the controller and a green thin wire acted as throttle. Verify on your unit before soldering. [Elektroda, drvatican, post #16984851]

How do I find 5 V and ground for the throttle safely?

Apply 36 V to the thick power leads. Probe the thin harness for a stabilized rail (often 5 V) and ground. Then identify the analog or Hall throttle input using a known resistor or a Hall lever. Do this methodically to avoid shorts. [Elektroda, 266564, post #16982925]

Is the throttle a potentiometer or a Hall‑effect sensor?

Expect a Hall‑effect throttle. It is favored for reliability and noise immunity in bike systems. Potentiometric types exist, but Hall solutions dominate on modern controllers and are easier to interface with a 5 V rail. [Elektroda, Freddy, post #16982959]

My phase colors don’t match the sensor colors. What should I do?

Do not trust colors. Some hubs cross‑wire phases and Halls internally. Map the phase order and Hall sequence with a meter or test rig, then pair correctly on the controller. “Better without testing with a meter, do not trust what you see.” [Elektroda, pietrasten, post #20664156]

What temperature sensor does this hub use, and how can I replace it?

This family includes a dedicated temperature‑sensor lead in the thin harness. If missing, identify the two sensor pads on the board and measure resistance cold vs warm to infer type before replacement. Keep the wire polarity consistent if it powers a sensor. [Elektroda, drvatican, post #16982027]

Should I hunt for the original brand driver (e.g., Winora/Trans‑X) or retrofit?

If the internal controller is present, original drivers and harnesses are the least effort. Community advice favored buying the original driver rather than rewiring phases. Retrofits work, but require surgery inside the hub. [Elektroda, Strumien swiadomosci swia, post #16982840]

Why does touching a thin wire make the motor spin faster?

Your finger couples a variable voltage into the throttle input. A moist finger lowers impedance, raising the input and speed. As one reply notes: “This indicates speed control …”. Use a proper Hall throttle for safe operation. [Elektroda, Freddy, post #16984881]

Are 2‑phase BLDC e‑bike motors common?

No. If you only see two motor leads and no internal driver, it is likely a brushed DC motor. BLDC hubs use three phase connections, even if hidden behind an internal controller. [Elektroda, kkknc, post #19548981]

How do I remove the internal controller and drive the three phases directly?

Open the hub, extract the potted PCB, and disconnect it from the stator windings and sensors. Bring U/V/W and Hall leads out through a new grommet, then connect to a standard 3‑phase controller. Ensure heatsinking and insulation. [Elektroda, Freddy, post #16982195]

What labeled specs can I trust on this hub?

Use the hub sticker. Example: 36 V 250 W, board code SMC MELTON B0604, manufactured 2011‑01‑03. Current at rated power is about 6.9 A (250 W/36 V). Controllers may limit higher bursts. [Elektroda, drvatican, post #16982807]

I only see two thick wires exiting the hub—where are the three phases?

They terminate at the internal controller inside the hub. The two thick leads are battery power. Control signals and accessories use the thin harness. External 3‑phase controllers cannot connect unless you expose the windings. [Elektroda, Freddy, post #16982087]

How can I quickly identify throttle/ignition without damaging anything?

Three‑step how‑to:
  1. Power the hub via the two thick leads at 36 V.
  2. Locate a stabilized rail (often 5 V) and ground on the thin harness.
  3. Using a resistor, feed a small test voltage into suspected throttle input while monitoring response. Proceed slowly to avoid shorts. [Elektroda, 266564, post #16982925]
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