Electrical installation in a single-family house (do it yourself?)

I would like to do the electrical installation myself, exactly: cut out the grooves, lay the cables, install the boxes, etc. Then a qualified electrician would come and check the work done and finish, for example, the distribution box. From what I talked to the electricians initially, it would cost me much less for labor.

Unfortunately, I have no knowledge, I read a little, watched some movies, but it confused me a lot, because every author has a different version. I have some questions that you might want to answer and discuss (I will also join the discussion):

Questions - sockets:
1) The socket circuit may be on the cable: YDYP 3x2.5 450/750V?
2) Make the socket circuit separately for each room, or do it cover 2/3 of the room if the number of sockets does not exceed 10 and the forecast demand is sufficient for 16 A (fuse)?
3) Socket circuit - is it worth planning something here as a substitute for a smart home?
4) Make the circuit of sockets for a given room in the form of a ring, so that if something burns out somewhere, the circuit will still work because it is connected on both sides? (I can`t explain it better)
5) Sockets at a height of 30 cm?
6) Run the socket circuit horizontally on the wall, between the sockets, or on the floor and go under the socket and then each socket?

Questions - lights:
7) Light circuit on which wire? (I would like a double switch in each room)
8) Each light in the room on a separate circuit?
9) How to connect the wires for the light: PE yellow-green (not used), N blue (directly to the lamp), L brown (to the switch) - if double, brown as one bulb, black as the second, is it correct?
10) Is it possible to somehow make lights for a smart home and how to lay the cables? (do they have to have more veins then)

Questions - roller blinds:
11) Each roller blind circumference separately?
12) Each roller blind circuit is separate, even if there are two windows in one room?
13) Which wire is the roller shutter circuit on? (I was thinking about a solution based on SRM-10)
14) How to connect the wires between the roller shutter and the socket and switchboard?

Questions - room temperature sensor:
15) What cable and how to install such an installation?
16) Each room separately?
17) Sensors connected to the heating and then analyzed on Rashberry Pie on Domoticz?

Questions - TV:
18) Which antenna cable should I run for the TV?

General:
19) What else should I think about?

And if there is a person who would like to help me for free (to talk and dispel all my doubts), they can count on some good whiskey (in the form of money).

Maybe do the opposite, first find an electrician who will finish your job. Then he will direct your work and it will be easier for him to complete your work knowing what is done and how.

I have already made an appointment with the electrician and we are still negotiating the costs. But I would like to have the knowledge to be able to discuss and not say something completely stupid. And somehow assess whether I can cope.

Outlet Questions:
1) The cable is probably ok.
2) One circuit per room is ok, just remember about dedicated receivers, i.e. high-power ones separately.
3) You would have to choose a Smart Home system, there are many of them and everyone needs something different, they are also on WiFi
4) A ring is a good solution
5) The most appropriate height, but ask your wife where and how to place the sockets
6) If the floor is also torn off, it may be in the floor but the cables are in the conduit.
Lighting Questions:
1) 3x1.5 and from the switch to the lamp 4 or 5x1.5, this will allow the chandelier to be divided into two or three.
2) Just left and right or up and down in the bathroom separately and through the RCD
3) All connections under the light switch in a given room in a deep box. Link PE too!!!
4) Same as above

Thank you very much for the information provided.

Is it worth making a smart home? Because I can`t even imagine what could be intelligent... And I watched some videos about Raspberry Pi and Domiticz.

And most importantly, do you know anything about roller blinds, because unfortunately I know the least about it.

Anything can be smart:
- blinds control
-heating
-lighting
-garage door control
and a lot of other things depending on the ideas of the household members and what you expect from your home.

Author of the topic - it`s a house, not a studio apartment in a block of flats.
To do something, you first have to design it.

pimis wrote:

I would like to do the electrical installation myself, exactly: cut out the grooves, lay the cables

There`s only so much a friend can do. My friend will save some money.

The electrician will finish and sign what he designed.

The author of the topic - a house is not only about wires for sockets and lighting.
There are additional elements.
Main and local equalization connections.
Main equalization rail.
Object grounding.
The object`s grounding is not grounding.

CYRUS2 wrote:

Author of the topic - it`s a house, not a studio apartment in a block of flats.
To do something, you first have to design it.

pimis wrote:
I would like to do the electrical installation myself, exactly: cut out the grooves, lay the cables

There`s only so much a friend can do. My friend will save some money.

Of course, I don`t plan to do anything without planning the installation and ordering what I have to do myself from an electrician, who will then finish it. What I`m more concerned about is knowledge, with knowledge you can make a decision whether the blinds are centrally controlled or only in the room. Are there any sensors for heating, etc. (because everything involves costs and work).

Does anyone know how to proceed with roller blinds and their installation?

Added after 4 [hours] 3 [minutes]:



If there are to be 4 sockets on one circuit where the red dots are, how should I run the cable to the garage (near the entrance)?
Can I run it diagonally through the conduit through the middle of the living room?

I am planning an installation in a single-family house so that I can do some of the work myself (grooving, laying cables). Of course, everything will be discussed with the electrician, but the less time I take, the less I will pay... (which is logical)

I prepared an auxiliary drawing where I marked:
- power socket (red circle, number of plugs in the circle, e.g. 2 is 1 socket for 2 plugs, marking / circuit number under the circle)
- internet socket (green circle, number of plugs in the circle)
- TV socket (blue circle)

Of course, to avoid any doubts, I moved most of the sockets from the project.
At most, I moved it somewhere, because I rearranged the house to suit our vision.

I know that I don`t follow generally accepted standards and markings, but that`s because my pen was so poor that I couldn`t see anything because it wasn`t visible.

I don`t really know how to release these circuits...
For example, circuit 1, where there are 2 sockets (4 plugs), can I run through the center of the house to the switchboard, or go along the walls (the switchboard is a black line in the garage next to the door).
Maybe someone will be willing to tell me how to use the wires.

How to run cables to circuits in a 100 m2 house



There is no problem with the TV one as it will go to the attic, the Internet one will probably go to the switchboard as well.

There is clearly no intercom or alarm system, maybe cameras. Finishing the internet installation in an electrical switchboard is a rather poor idea. Will you put the router there?
It is also worth thinking about the connections between installations and the fact that the Internet will have to reach the house somehow.
If you are interested in this, read this topic and the links in it first. There you will find information not only on how to wire the alarm system, but also on how to connect individual systems.
https://www.elektroda.pl/rtvforum/topic3570896.html

pimis wrote:

Is it worth making a smart home?

When it comes to installing a smart home or controlling roller blinds, there are many different systems and the cabling is prepared differently for each one. a simple system can be built even based on an alarm control panel.
Either way, it requires knowledge and experience.

Good comments, I didn`t write that I divided these drawings into layers (there are no lights, blinds, etc.). Because it would be unreadable, even to me. This way I will have several drawings for individual installations (it will be easier to find them). Once I sort out the sockets, I`ll move on, probably the lights.

But with this Internet it`s a fact, but where should I put the router, in the attic? Won`t it die from low temperatures?

Added after 4 [minutes]:

suworow wrote:

Is it worth making a smart home?

When it comes to installing a smart home or controlling roller blinds, there are many different systems and the cabling is prepared differently for each one. a simple system can be built even based on an alarm control panel.
Either way, it requires knowledge and experience.

Or maybe you can recommend me a solution, an article to delve into some good reading?

suworow wrote:

There is clearly no intercom or alarm system, maybe cameras. Finishing the internet installation in an electrical switchboard is a rather poor idea. Will you put the router there?

It is not weak if the switchgear is properly prepared or designed with dual purpose in mind. In one part - net, in the remaining part - electric.

My friend will read the topic linked earlier. There is a link to the next topic where the author presented his solution based on a central point where all telecommunications installations converge. The attic and the switchboard are not the only places for a router. Another thing is that you can put a switch in the attic and place the router itself somewhere in the living area, so as to improve the Wi-Fi range and at the same time have easy access to it.
The designer bows. If your friend wanted to complete all these installations, even with his own work, the amount would range from several to several dozen thousand zlotys. The question is whether it is worth the risk or whether it is worth spending even a few thousand on the project.

I didn`t spend a few thousand on the project, but it was all placed in one place:

I would like this solution, the house is small, so Wi-Fi coverage will not be a problem. Because the switchgear will be more or less in the central point, i.e. the farthest from WIFI is 7 m, and I don`t think it will be a problem.

Where can I buy such a beautiful box?

My friend didn`t spend it. The mechanic can also do a lot of things in the car himself. Does this prove anything? This is about a person who has no idea about these installations, has no experience, or has never even installed such installations. There are many ambushes waiting for such a person.
My friend will also call this right side an electrical switchboard or maybe a telecommunications switchboard Is the door plastic or metal?
I also suggest reading what my colleague said @Erbit , who, as he himself admitted, despite some familiarity with electronics, made several mistakes when planning the installation:
https://www.elektroda.pl/rtvforum/topic3603123.html#18095690

In the section from which the linked topic comes (home automation), you will also find some discussion about which automation system is worth using.

pimis wrote:

Where can I buy such a beautiful box?

You can buy such a beautiful box... upon order.
You have to "design", arrange the details and wait. Then, for example, bring it back.
http://www.elektryk-imielin.pl
In this way, I have provided several clients with not only boxes, but even specific wardrobes depending on their needs.

PS. Just to clarify - this switchgear shown is not at my place, but at the client`s.

suworow wrote:

There you will find information not only on how to make cabling for the alarm system, but also on how to connect individual systems.
https://www.elektroda.pl/rtvforum/topic3570896.html

It`s nicely done.
There is no information about the cable for the radio transmitter for monitoring.
The location of this transmitter cannot be random.
Connecting the alarm to the Internet.
Integra control panels enable service via the Internet from anywhere on Earth.
A telephone cable is useful - the user receives a verbal notification - in a text understandable to the "blonde" - that there is a flood or burglary - and where in the building.

suworow wrote:

Alarm control panel.
A built-in wardrobe would be a much better place

This is a very bad bad idea.
In the case of a house, it is a large device.
Good access for servicing is necessary.

If you want to control the electrical installation from an alarm, "230V" relay expanders must be installed in the switchboard.
The alarm can be a real-time recorder of voltage increases or decreases.
Integra can control the lighting system.

Your friend will read this guide again and understand it. He will see who it is addressed to, that it concerns simple basic installations that can be easily enclosed in one, sometimes just a slightly larger housing, and not complex ones, and maybe he will stop crying.
Please also read the chapter on connections with other installations, and the linked topic to an already extensive installation. And then please kindly correct what your colleague wrote without reading the criticized text.

Added after 25 [minutes]:

elpapiotr wrote:

PS. Just to clarify - this switchgear shown is not at my place, but at the client`s.

You`re afraid we`ll give you extra money But you`re right, you have to be careful.
As for the box, this is the most sensible solution, but you could also use a smaller switchgear (purely electrical, maybe with a separate space for relay modules) and place the telecommunications equipment in a rack cabinet.
There are many solutions here. Unfortunately, there are few correct ones It is common to encounter a situation where telecommunications equipment is located in a 3x12 switchgear located in the vestibule. And that`s when the combo begins

suworow wrote:

elpapiotr wrote:

PS. Just to clarify - this switchgear shown is not at my place, but at the client`s.

You`re afraid we`ll give you extra money But you`re right, you have to be careful.
As for the box, this is the most sensible solution, but you could also use a smaller switchgear (purely electrical, maybe with a separate space for relay modules) and place the telecommunications equipment in a rack cabinet.
There are many solutions here. Unfortunately, there are few correct ones It is common to encounter a situation where telecommunications equipment is located in a 3x12 switchgear located in the vestibule. And that`s when the combo begins

Yes, I am very afraid, especially one from satellites. And please don`t delete this entry - I`m just answering the question.

Is this an option to let go of the cables or is this a bad idea?
Only if it`s the bottom, I`m asking for some suggestions, because if possible, I`d rather invest in pipes for electrical installations than forging concrete poles, that`s why this solution is in the living room.



Are there flatter pipes for electrical installations, e.g. large in width but 2-3 cm high? I would like to use this solution in the living room and run the cables along the floor.

Pipes had to be placed in the concrete columns at the stage of pouring and holes for the boxes had to be left. Simple right?
And don`t even look for the pipes you`re asking about, because you probably won`t find them.
There is no forging in structural elements (columns). Alternatively, you can only cut a groove and only in such a plane that it does not weaken the column.
What will the ceiling be like? Is it suspended?

kkas12 wrote:

Pipes had to be placed in the concrete columns at the stage of pouring and holes for the boxes had to be left. Simple right?
And don`t even look for the pipes you`re asking about, because you probably won`t find them.
There is no forging in structural elements (columns). Alternatively, you can only cut a groove and only in such a plane that it does not weaken the column.
What will the ceiling be like? Is it suspended?

Well, fuck, I didn`t think about it, and when I talked to the electrician back then, he told me nothing, but I didn`t ask either, because it`s my first time building...
Well, it`s difficult, you have to deal with it somehow, I mean, there won`t be any boxes there, I need the cables to go through there, I would have to cut a groove, but I don`t want to do that, because I might weaken the pole, and there is no hopeless situation.

It will be partially suspended, but it won`t hide the cables there because it will be 3/4 of the living room, and then I won`t do anything with this cable. All you have to do is walk on the floor, because there will be 15 cm of Styrofoam anyway, if I lose the 4 cm on the pipe, it won`t be a tragedy, will it?

And in one pipe, can I put 3-4 YDYp wires?

However, I suggest sticking to the "one pipe, one cable" rule.
Cutting a groove vertically (in the pole) will not weaken it. It is good to be careful not to cut out the reinforcement.

Lower the ceiling over its entire surface. Your problem will disappear.

Lowering the ceiling is not an option, and can`t they be in hard conduit? Maybe there are some better ones, then each cable runs in a conduit in the floor...

Of course you can and even should use a flexible pipe.
Although I personally avoid laying cables in the floor. But that`s just my view.

Nobody knows how to install external roller shutters?
I`m looking for a good/recommended solution, because I know there are a lot of them...

pimis wrote:

Nobody knows how to install external roller blinds?

And how are you going to steer? only one roller blind one window do you intend to control all roller blinds centrally (e.g. when you leave the house, one button lowers the blinds on all windows)

mawerix123 wrote:

And how are you going to steer? only one roller blind one window do you intend to control all roller blinds centrally (e.g. when you leave the house, one button lowers the blinds on all windows)

I want to control:
- blinds in a given room, e.g. balcony doors, windows.
- centrally (leaving home)
- ground floor / first floor
- maybe on the sensor at

pimis wrote:

I want to control:
- blinds in a given room, e.g. balcony doors, windows.
- centrally (leaving home)
- ground floor / first floor
- maybe on the sensor at

So read it --> http://sterowanierolet.pl/pliki2/schematy1.html here you have everything you need for local, group and central control.