Modern backup camera system with dynamic color-changing boundary lines—components and tech?

I am wondering what kind of system is a modern back up camera with boundary line that change colors the closer you get? What does it consist of from an engineering point of view. AI ? Machine learning? What does a complete system consist of? What do I need to build one on my own and how can I learn about it , any resources?

Hello.
Camera image recognition is an ever-expanding industry.
With A.I. today human faces, animals and vehicles are easily recognized.
To calculate the distance of an object or an obstacle today there are several techniques. Indeed, there are special cameras with a processor dedicated to A.I.
One technique is to discriminate a certain object and then calculate its surface (even a circumscribed surface). If this surface increases, it means that the object is approaching.
For small spaces, ultrasonic capsules can be used. Together with appropriate ICs and MCUs, they are able to establish the distance of the obstacle and, consequently, change the color of the image.

Thanks for the clarification.

A quick check on the net brings up quite a few articles, this one https://www.ti.com/solution/automotive-rear-camera has quite a few technical details,
cheers,
Richard