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Comparison of online and offline UPS features - Green Cell

(Sponsored) TechEkspert 14829 45

TL;DR

  • Green Cell compares the Micropower 1000VA offline line-interactive UPS with the RTII 1000VA online UPS, focusing on practical tests and internal construction.
  • The Micropower uses two serial AGM 12V/7Ah batteries, relays, AVR, a USB link, and an RJ45 surge protector built from diodes and varistors.
  • Its specified output is 1000VA/600W, the measured efficiency range reached 85–96%, and the UPS tolerated a momentary 800W input overload before shutting down.
  • Tests show offline switching causes only a brief relay-driven power break, while AVR keeps output around 246–205V when input falls to 209–175V and above 218V over 255V.
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Treść została przetłumaczona polish » english Zobacz oryginalną wersję tematu
📢 Listen (AI):
  • #31 18136851
    zgierzman
    Level 31  
    Kraniec_Internetów wrote:
    Regarding the article itself - at home, UPSs are rather used not to support the power supply of, for example, a computer, because what gives anyone these 3 minutes, only mainly as a surge protection.


    I don't know ... I still have a "desktop" computer, so 3 minutes is a lot of time for me to save what I'm working on at the moment. If I am not sitting at the computer, it does not matter to me that I am streaming from YT or Spotify. But if the last dozen or so minutes of work goes to sand, it hurts.
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  • #32 18137926
    CMS
    VIP Meritorious for electroda.pl
    Why did you hang on to those 3 minutes. I have an APC Smart-UPS 750XL and it keeps my computer for over 100 (one hundred) minutes. The fact that it is rarely needed, because the voltage is stable and breaks are practically non-existent, but I have psychological comfort. Recently it came in handy in the winter, the gentlemen changed the counter in the hall, and I wrote an article on the forum in my room. It came in very handy here, because I would have lost the plot for half an hour, and I didn't have to worry so much.
  • #33 18139927
    TechEkspert
    Editor
    @CMS
    What is the configuration of the batteries in this UPS?
    Is it a line-interactive version with a sinusoidal shape of the output voltage?
  • #34 18140031
    CMS
    VIP Meritorious for electroda.pl
    2x12V 17Ah. A "real" sine on the output.
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  • #35 18143337
    prosiak_wej
    Level 39  
    @CMS knows what's good. I also have APC, Dell 7010 set with i7 + U2410 monitor an hour with a finger in the nose. But for me, 2x7Ah in such a housing:

    Comparison of online and offline UPS features - Green Cell

    Power supply bought for about PLN 300, still factory batteries. I do not see the point in buying junk at this market price with a rectangle at the output and pins at the time of switching. About six months ago I bought 6 for the company, they keep the Widenbach printers powered ;)
  • #36 18144760
    Anonymous
    Level 1  
  • #37 18144855
    TechEkspert
    Editor
    @CMS , @prosiak_wej is there a chance to see the inside of these UPSs?
    Is there a "heavy" output transformer running at 50Hz?
    Once upon a time I found a construction where a light transformer operating with a waveform of several dozen kHz was used, then the polarization of the output voltage was reversed with a H bridge: Offline UPS without AVR .

    @Erbit Approximately 1.3kWh has been accumulated in this battery bank?
    Maybe this system could be supported with a photovoltaic installation?
  • #38 18144858
    Anonymous
    Level 1  
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  • #39 18144866
    TechEkspert
    Editor
    I was thinking about extending the working time in the event of a power failure, maintenance charging, and perhaps using the excess energy to power devices such as a heater (air / water).

    On-grid work is probably much more profitable, but I also came across information on problems with reactive energy in prosumer installations .
  • #40 18144876
    Anonymous
    Level 1  
  • #41 18144911
    prosiak_wej
    Level 39  
    @TechEkspert Not especially, because the UPS is standing on a shelf, it is connected, and without removing it from the shelf, it cannot be opened. However, there is a normal, large transformer, no kilohertz spells and pulse luck :)
  • #42 18144923
    TechEkspert
    Editor
    OKAY.

    @Erbit I was thinking about an installation that you already have and a possible expansion with PV,
    but at present, PV is profitable only with an additional payment for the installation and in the option of a prosumer ...
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  • #43 18144928
    Anonymous
    Level 1  
  • #44 18145647
    CMS
    VIP Meritorious for electroda.pl
    prosiak_wej wrote:
    @TechEkspert Not especially, because the UPS is standing on a shelf, it is connected, and without removing it from the shelf, it cannot be opened. However, there is a normal, large transformer, no kilohertz spells and pulse luck :)


    It's the same for me. And the batteries are replaced from the front when the UPS is on, so there is no option for me to disassemble it now.
    In any case, it has great luck.
  • #45 18869771
    Anonymous
    Level 1  
  • #46 18869809
    elektryku5
    Level 39  
    CMS wrote:
    I have never undressed them, but I have suspicions that they are not properly shielded.


    I have already passed a few power supplies, the original ones are all covered with aluminum sheet inside, I have not seen it in replacements yet, as well as APFC, which I also did not have on my table.
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FAQ

TL;DR: Offline Green Cell Micropower 1000 VA hits 85–96 % measured efficiency, yet its 10 ms gap still exists; “even a short backup gives a lot” [Elektroda, TechEkspert, post #18123275][Elektroda, TechEkspert, post #18126219] Online RTII 1000 VA delivers seamless true-sine output that APFC supplies prefer. Why it matters: Picking the right topology avoids reboot headaches and burnt power-supply parts.

Quick Facts

• Micropower 1000 VA = 600 W, 2 × 12 V 7 Ah AGM inside [Elektroda, TechEkspert, post #18123275] • Switch-over time of offline/line-interactive: ≤ 10 ms [Elektroda, TechEkspert, post #18123275] • Measured efficiency window: 85–96 % from 100–600 W load [Elektroda, TechEkspert, post #18123275] • No detectable FM-band noise during tests; only LF noise within <0.5 m [Elektroda, TechEkspert, post #18126219] • Used 1 kVA pure-sine UPS cost ≈ 120 PLN without batteries [Elektroda, pawelr98, post #18126287]

What is the practical difference between offline, line-interactive and online UPS?

Offline simply switches to battery; line-interactive adds AVR taps; online double-converts 100 % of the time, so there is no 10 ms relay gap and waveform stays pure sine [Elektroda, TechEkspert, post #18123275]

How much does the 10 ms switch-over affect PCs and NAS boxes?

Most low-power gear rides through it because internal capacitors bridge that 10 ms drop; high-current racks or PoE switches can reboot, so online gear suits them better [Elektroda, TechEkspert, post #18123275]

Can a simulated-sine UPS really damage an APFC power supply?

Field reports show humming and heat, but detailed tests found no hard short-circuits because PFC and UPS inverters are galvanically separated [Elektroda, Anonymous, post #18869771] Use pure-sine if the PSU draws >175 W to avoid thermal stress.

How long will a Micropower 1000 VA run on stock batteries?

Two 7 Ah batteries store about 168 Wh; at 300 W load and 85 % efficiency that equals roughly 29 minutes of backup. Runtime drops sharply above 400 W. (Approx. calculation from battery capacity and measured efficiency).

May I replace the 7 Ah pack with a car battery?

Yes, users run 35 Ah car batteries for 1 h+ runtime; the internal charger pushes only 0.8–1 A, so full charge takes longer and extra cooling helps [Elektroda, pawelr98, post #18123971]

How does the AVR in a line-interactive UPS stabilise voltage?

It inserts an autotransformer section that adds or subtracts ≈ 37 V, keeping output between 205–246 V while staying on mains [Elektroda, TechEkspert, post #18123275]

Will these Green Cell UPS units interfere with radio or TV?

Tests showed no FM-band disturbance; only medium-wave noise appears if a radio sits within 0.5 m of the transformer [Elektroda, TechEkspert, post #18126219]

Quick test: How do I verify my UPS still switches cleanly?

  1. Plug a 60 W bulb and an audible radio into the UPS. 2. Pull mains; note light flicker or audio gap. 3. If blackout exceeds 10 ms or radio resets, service or replace the unit.

Can I repurpose the heavy transformer from a dead UPS?

Yes; 1 kVA EI cores fetch interest for welders and audio amps but derate 30–50 % for continuous duty [Elektroda, pawelr98, post #18123833]

Is buying a used sine-wave UPS worth it?

Forum users grab rack-mount 1 kVA units for ~120 PLN and add new batteries, saving 70 % over new retail while getting pure sine and Hot-Swap battery bays [Elektroda, pawelr98, post #18126287]
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