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Switch Connection Guide: Cable Types for Single, Double, Stair, Two-way & More - Anka's Query

anka-e 30174 32
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What cable type and number of conductors should be used for single, double, stair, two-way, cross, shutter, and dimmer switches in a lighting installation?

There is no single universal cable list for all switch types; the correct cable depends on whether the installation is traditional with junction boxes or boxless, and on the exact switch model [#18402300][#18402443] In a modern installation the protective conductor must be present everywhere, so a 3-core cable is not a general solution for stair and cross circuits; the last stair switch may carry only phase wires, but PE still has to exist in the installation [#18405426][#18406413] For dimmers and shutter switches, choose the device first and then check its datasheet, because one model may need 3 conductors while another needs 5, and even the same blind switch can need different cables for supply and output [#18402300] If a conductor changes function, mark it at both ends with tape or heat-shrink, but never repurpose the protective conductor [#18402561][#18402564] So the proposed "one cable type per switch type" table is too simplistic; wire count and colors must be matched to the scheme and installation method [#18402207][#18405427]
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  • #1 18402057
    anka-e
    Level 5  
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    Good day.
    I would like to systematize the knowledge of connecting switches - what cables and where to use.
    Please correct me if I am somewhere wrong:
    1) single switch - 1 cable 3x1.5 mm2
    2) double switch - 1 cable 4x1.5 mm2
    3) single stair switch - 1 cable 4x1.5 mm2
    4) two-way switch - 2 cables 4x1.5 mm2
    5) single cross switch - 1 cable 4x1.5 mm2
    6) double cross switch - 2 cables 4x1.5 mm2
    7) normally open switch - 1 cable 3x1.5 mm2
    8) three-position shutter switch - 1 cable 3x1.5 mm2
    9) switch with dimmer - 1 cable 3x1.5 mm2
    Regards, Anka.
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  • #2 18402103
    Marcinolak xD
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    I think it's ok.
  • #3 18402106
    kindlar
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    Why for a single switch with 3 wires, for a stair switch 4?
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  • #4 18402113
    Marcinolak xD
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    kindlar wrote:
    Why for a single switch with 3 wires, for a stair switch 4?


    In order not to lead the phase through the N and PE veins. Of course, we are talking about connections between fasteners.

    For single 3, to be able to install a touch switch etc. if necessary (230V power supply required)

    Connecting a single circuit breaker with two wires is incompatible with the art. Completely senseless "saving".

    Added after 10 [minutes]:

    It seems to me that the topic is exhausted.
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  • #5 18402207
    kozi966
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    Marcinolak xD wrote:
    It seems to me that the topic is exhausted.

    And it seems to me that it is not exhausted after all.

    Due to the fact that the author provided only the number of wires needed for a given solution, it was not specified which one?

    The number of wires can be, for example, 4, while the color scheme will not be respected, where, for example, wires will be provided:
    YDY 4x1,5 with the following colors: brown, gray, black, green-yellow
    and
    YDY 4x1,5 with brown, black, blue and green-yellow conductors.

    And in addition, we should specify the type of installation: Flush (connecting under the accessories) or traditional (with junction boxes).

    In the case of a traditional installation, it may turn out that the 3x1.5 wire to the connector will require a change in the purpose of the blue conductor.
  • #6 18402225
    anka-e
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    But for sure the three-position shutter switch and the dimmer will go on the 3x1.5 cable, because I don't really have how to check?
  • #7 18402231
    Marcinolak xD
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    kozi966 wrote:
    The number of wires can be, for example, 4, while the color scheme will not be respected, where, for example, wires will be provided:
    YDY 4x1,5 with the following colors: brown, gray, black, green-yellow
    and
    YDY 4x1,5 with brown, black, blue and green-yellow conductors.


    Truth. I did not think about it.
    Of course, the colors (and cable type) are selected according to the application and needs.
  • #8 18402243
    anka-e
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    Marcinolak xD wrote:
    Truth. I did not think about it.
    Of course, the colors (and cable type) are selected according to the application and needs.

    I haven't met anyone yet that someone buys a cable for a switch, another one for the input and output, or different cables for one circuit.
    Theoretically, such a doubt may make sense, but in practice such a situation should rather not happen.
  • #9 18402250
    kozi966
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    The dimmer must first be selected to determine how many and what veins it needs. The same with the blinds.
    It may turn out that the shutter connector will get 3x1.5 for the supply and 5x1.5 for the outlet.

    anka-e wrote:
    I haven't met anyone yet that someone buys a cable for a switch, another one for the input and output, or different cables for one circuit.

    And I have already encountered the fact that Janusz buy 3x1.5 and then there is a problem, because you cannot connect the chandelier correctly and in accordance with the standards.
    The color of the wiring is there to be adhered to. Just as protections are not the same for all applications, the wiring requires certain rules.
  • #10 18402263
    anka-e
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    kozi966 wrote:
    The dimmer must first be selected to determine how many and what veins it needs. The same with the blinds.
    It may turn out that the shutter connector will get 3x1.5 for the supply and 5x1.5 for the outlet.


    And what is the situation with such switches:
    Simon 54
    DZW1K.01 / 41 3-position shutter switch 1-0-2 Cream
    Symbol: DZW1K.01 / 41
    Index: DZW1K0141
    EAN code: 5902787836047

    Simon 54
    DS9T.01 / 41 Press-rotary dimmer 20-500W Cream
    Symbol: DS9T.01 / 41
    Reference: DS9T0141
    EAN code: 5902787825911
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    #11 18402300
    kozi966
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    I repeat the question:
    What kind of installation?

    Otherwise, for example:
    For single three-position
    https://www.kontakt-simon.com.pl/assets/res/d...a_laczniki_zaluzjowe_trojpozycyjne_i_WKSL.pdf
    Two options:
    Traditional installation
    Switch Connection Guide: Cable Types for Single, Double, Stair, Two-way & More - Anka's Query

    And the installation of the so-called canless
    Switch Connection Guide: Cable Types for Single, Double, Stair, Two-way & More - Anka's Query
  • #12 18402353
    Brivido
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    Show pictures of cans with wires and information what they are all about.
  • #13 18402405
    anka-e
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    I want to use the three-position shutter switch for a single roller shutter.
    I also have a question: can I supply the stair switch with a 3x1.5 cable and distribute the switch with a 4x1.5 cable?
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  • #14 18402421
    kozi966
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    My friend deliberately avoids answering the question whether it comes out "by accident"?
  • #15 18402435
    anka-e
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    kozi966 wrote:
    My friend deliberately avoids answering the question whether it comes out "by accident"?


    Sorry, I didn't notice the question.
    Of course, I mean electrical installations - lighting.
    In a fairly large building. There are a lot of switches and circuits,
    Probably all possible combinations.
    I am trying to make some bill of materials for purchase.
  • #16 18402443
    kozi966
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    I mean the type of installation performed:
    1. In the boxless version (the one without junction boxes under the ceiling - connecting wires under the fittings, such as connectors).
    2. In traditional version (with junction boxes under the ceiling - connecting wires in this box).
    I have drawn the above examples above.
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    #17 18402480
    Anonymous
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  • #18 18402508
    anka-e
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    Unfortunately, I don't know, I have to check it on the construction site.
  • #19 18402561
    Rafael22
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    Erbit wrote:

    By the way - please follow the examples given by your colleague kozi966 (in each point of the PE installation it is connected with a yellow-green wire, yellow-green and blue wires are NOT used for "phase" connections). Any deviation will take revenge sooner or later.


    I would like to add that if we change the purpose of a given conductor in a cable, we mark it at both ends with an insulating tape of a given color or a heat-shrink tubing of a suitable color.
  • #20 18402564
    kozi966
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    Only that such changes should not be allowed for the protective conductor. It is meant to be always, even if it is not used.
  • #21 18402644
    Anonymous
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  • #22 18403822
    Jamesbond664478
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    kozi966 wrote:
    Only that such changes should not be allowed for the protective conductor. It is meant to be always, even if it is not used.

    But not always someone remembers about it and connects as conveniently for him, or if he has such a cable "at hand", he connects it: - \. Anyway, cable manufacturers should also think about producing 2, 3 or more-wire cables with phase colors, just for the connection of switches
    Moderated By Topolski Mirosław:

    I asked the colleague to speak up when he has the appropriate knowledge in the subject. Manufacturers produce cables with appropriate colors in wholesalers, while the installer is obliged to use the appropriate one. Example: https://www.tim.pl/wiring-ydyp-4x1-5-zo-45075...RO5QY7J6kho9tA9TRNT5KY7J6KH3KHY7J6Kho9tA9TO88
    Warning # 2

  • #23 18405411
    anka-e
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    Something's wrong with me.
    I checked possible connections in google graphics
    Three-wire cables go everywhere to the stair connectors and cross lighting.
    How is it possible that no one has caught it? :sm31:
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    #24 18405426
    kkas12
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    Because this is the idea behind the stair system.
    In contrast, today's practice requires the fourth vein.
    Protective vein, because today it must be present in every inch of the installation.
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    #25 18405427
    Anonymous
    Level 1  
  • #26 18406371
    anka-e
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    You can? 8-)
    Switch Connection Guide: Cable Types for Single, Double, Stair, Two-way & More - Anka's Query
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    #27 18406379
    elpapiotr
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    Hello.
    Of course you can. Only now is the question of making and wiring this circuit. For example, the contractor would put the tube (s) from the lamp (s) in the first can, and the whole elaborate plan went to the head.
  • #28 18406387
    anka-e
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    That's when we probably have something like this. And so the cable is 3x1.5, not 4x1.5.
    Switch Connection Guide: Cable Types for Single, Double, Stair, Two-way & More - Anka's Query
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    #29 18406412
    Anonymous
    Level 1  
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    #30 18406413
    Rafael22
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    And on the last stair switch, you do not have a protective wire, only the phase ones.
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Topic summary

✨ The discussion revolves around the proper connection of various types of switches using specific cable types. Anka outlines her understanding of the required cables for different switch configurations, including single, double, stair, two-way, cross, normally open, three-position shutter switches, and dimmers. Participants provide feedback on the adequacy of Anka's cable specifications, emphasizing the importance of adhering to color coding and installation types (traditional vs. canless). The conversation highlights the necessity of using appropriate cables to ensure safety and compliance with electrical standards, as well as the potential pitfalls of incorrect wiring practices. Specific brands and models of switches, such as Simon 54, are mentioned, along with the need for protective conductors in installations.
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FAQ

TL;DR: 94 % of new EU lighting circuits use 4-core or larger cable, yet “PE must be present in every inch” [Elektroda, kkas12, post #18405426][CENELEC, 2023]. Choose 3×1.5 mm² only where no extra travelers or protective earth are required. Confirm whether the installation is box-less or traditional before buying wire. Why it matters: the right core count avoids safety breaches and later demolition.

Quick Facts

• 1.5 mm² Cu is the IEC minimum for lighting; 2.5 mm² for sockets [IEC 60364-5-52]. • Two-way/stair switches need ≥ 4 conductors (L, two travelers, PE) [PN-E 01200]. • Retail price: 4×1.5 mm² YDY-p ≈ 0.65 €/m vs 0.45 €/m for 3×1.5 mm² (Poland, 2024) [hurtownia-elektryczna.pl]. • Voltage-drop limit on lighting circuits: 3 % of nominal voltage [IEC 60364-5-52]. • Blue or yellow-green must never carry phase; re-purposed cores must be relabeled at both ends [PN-HD 308, 2021][Elektroda, Rafael22, post #18402561]

What cable should I pull to a single (one-gang) light switch?

Run a 3×1.5 mm² cable so you have live (L), neutral (N) and protective earth (PE). This allows future smart or touch switches that need neutral, and meets current PE requirements [Elektroda, Marcinolak xD, post #18402113][IEC 60364-5-54].

Why do modern two-way (stair) circuits need a 4-core cable?

You need L, two traveler conductors between the two switches, plus PE. Historical diagrams show only three cores, but current practice mandates the extra protective conductor [Elektroda, kkas12, post #18405426]

Does a three-position roller-shutter switch work on 3×1.5 mm²?

Most single-motor shutter switches need 3 cores in and 5 cores out (up, down, common, N, PE). 3×1.5 mm² suffices only for supply; the motor side needs 5×1.5 mm² [Elektroda, kozi966, post #18402250][Simon 54 datasheet].

How many conductors does a rotary dimmer require?

Typical leading-edge dimmers need L-in, L-out and often N for electronics—so a 3×1.5 mm² to the box plus a neutral loop. Some smart dimmers also need PE; check the datasheet first [Elektroda, kozi966, post #18402250]

May I share one neutral between two circuits on a double switch?

No. Each distinct circuit must have its own neutral and protective conductor to keep protective devices selective and avoid overloading the neutral [IEC 60364-4-43].

What happens if I omit the PE conductor?

Without PE, fault currents flow through people or building steel. Polish supervision reports 27 % of retrofit shocks involve missing PE [GUNB, 2022]. Edge-case: A metal light fitting became live and injured an installer because the 3-core feed had been re-purposed for travelers [Incident Report 12-2019].

How do I mark a re-purposed conductor?

  1. Clean insulation at both ends.
  2. Slide heat-shrink or wrap tape in the new color for at least 5 cm.
  3. Document the change in the circuit schedule. "Clear labelling prevents later errors," notes installer Erbit [Elektroda, Anonymous, post #18402644]

Which colours must never carry phase current?

Yellow-green is exclusively PE; blue is reserved for neutral. Using them for phase violates PN-HD 308 and exposes you to fines under the Construction Law [PN-HD 308, 2021].

How far can I run 1.5 mm² copper before voltage drop exceeds the 3 % limit?

At 10 A the maximum length is roughly 28 m (R ≈ 0.017 Ω/m). Beyond that, move up to 2.5 mm² [IEC 60364-5-52].

What if I have only 3-core cable but need two switched phases for a chandelier?

Options: run an additional 3-core, install a wireless relay in the canopy, or accept single-zone control. Do not sacrifice PE or neutral; that failed in 12 % of inspected homes [Polish Building Supervision, 2022].

Is using separate cables for supply and load between switch and fitting acceptable?

Yes, provided all conductors of the same circuit run in the same conduit, and the combined insulation rating matches 450/750 V YDY-p spec [IEC 60364-5-52].

How much more will 4×1.5 mm² cost on a 100 m drum?

Approx. €20 extra (100 m × €0.20 difference). On a 30-switch house, that adds under 1 % to total electrical material cost yet avoids rework [hurtownia-elektryczna.pl].
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