Does battery life decrease as current increases?

I'm shopping for a battery-powered USB charger.

Someone on Amazon says that as current (amperes) increases, battery life decreases exponentially. He says that using a charger with a current of 500mA gets you 30% more total power from the AA batteries than if you used a charger with a current of 1 amp.

Is this true or false?

You don't say what kind of batteries, but the AA would indicate it is probably NiMH.
The above information is both right and wrong to my mind.
A simple charger could damage a battery if it has higher current capability, but if it goes through the proper sequencing for the battery being charged, then it shouldn't be a problem at all. Charging any battery type is complex if done correctly. A good charger will have an inbuilt charging chip with the correct algorithms built in.
Here is a link which goes through an explanation of the process.
http://batteryuniversity.com/learn/article/charging_nickel_metal_hydride
Cheers,
Richard

Hi, Richard.
Thanks for your reply.
You correctly guessed them: low self-discharge NiMH.

I think it depends on the type of battery. Use fuse for safety and dial the current and voltage.

YES....According me....The battery life decrease as current increases, the battery cell damage by high voltage current....

Charging at above the manufacturer's recommended current can make the battery too hot and cause internal damage, shortening its life . (Or way above can make it explode !)

Generally, if a charging battery is getting much more than warm to the touch, take it off charge and let it cool, and reduce the charging current.

(I also recommend batteryuniversity.com for deeper understanding of charging issues.)

Hi, Frank. Thank you for your comment.