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How do I remotely monitor the status of the fuses in a domestic 230VAC switchgear?

XnIcRaM 174 6
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Treść została przetłumaczona polish » english Zobacz oryginalną wersję tematu
  • #1 21331879
    XnIcRaM
    Level 17  
    I'm looking for some ideas for setting up some sort of 'system' to detect the status of overcurrent/differential current protection in a domestic switchboard. Has anyone come across something like this or maybe they have done it themselves? I mean, without looking into the distribution board, I would like to know which protections are switched on and which are switched off, on which there is voltage and on which there is no voltage.
    Generally a seemingly simple matter, unfortunately there is one "but", i.e. 230VAC. I guess the only solution (apart from using special protections with auxiliary contacts) is to screw an additional control wire to each protection under each contact.

    The first problem is screwing two wires of different cross-sections onto one contact. I looked to see if there were any "sleeves" something a bit like male car connectors, i.e. something that would have a large flat surface, preferably the size of the contact area in the protection - unfortunately I could not find anything like that. In some protections it would probably be possible to use fork connectors under the screw in the place where the busbars are used, but in my switchgear there are Siemens protections and they do not have this possibility.

    The second problem is the voltage of 230VAC, how to check here in a simple and safe way whether there is voltage and preferably what is the voltage and whether there is a connection between the input and output contact (whether the protection is on or off)?

    In general I would like to measure the voltage at the input and at the output and whether there is a "transition" between input and output, i.e. whether the protection is on.

    As far as the transition detection is concerned, I came up with something like the diagram below "just in the nick of time".
    How do I remotely monitor the status of the fuses in a domestic 230VAC switchgear? .
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  • #2 21331894
    78db78
    Level 43  
    But why such combinations shutting down the esa is rare.
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  • #3 21331903
    XnIcRaM
    Level 17  
    Because I need the ability to remotely, at least initially, diagnose why a circuit is not working. Most building 'intelligence' is unnecessary and unused, but yet some choose to do so. It's not about validity, it's simply about solving a problem.
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  • #4 21331920
    Rob
    Level 19  
    These resistor values are a bit too small on this drawing. I think they would quickly eat up :) .
    For 230V signalling you give an order of kilohms, high power, and preferably in series with a matched capacitor and an additional diode in parallel with the LED, but in reverse.
    A bit of power is unfortunately emitted on this resistor.
    I have thought in the past about ways of phase presence indicators, but that they draw minimal power.
    The best would be neon-based optocouplers like this, but unfortunately no one seems to produce such a thing.

    To your diagram I would turn my attention to safety. Despite the tripping of the protection, the phase potential will still be present on the receiver !!!
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  • #5 21331968
    Anonymous
    Level 1  
  • #6 21332048
    XnIcRaM
    Level 17  
    Rob wrote:
    For 230V signalling you give on the order of kilohms, high power, and preferably in series with a matched capacitor and an additional diode in parallel with the LED, but in reverse.

    of course you are right, a small error crept in here they were supposed to be 56k rheistors not 56R :)

    Added after 1 [minute]:

    Rob wrote:
    Despite the tripping of the protection, the phase potential will still be present on the receiver !!!

    diode in optocoupler does not conduct towards the receiver

    Added after 47 [seconds]: .

    Jarzabek666 wrote:
    It would probably be simpler to put an RPI and AI with a camcorder.

    Not necessarily, not only will I have no information about the presence or absence of voltage on the protection contacts, but I cannot imagine that I would have the switchgear open all the time.
  • #7 21332137
    Rob
    Level 19  
    XnIcRaM wrote:
    Rob wrote:
    Despite tripping the protection, the phase potential will still be present at the receiver !!!

    the diode in the optocoupler does not conduct towards the receiver


    Unfortunately there is an alternating current (expertly should probably say) there, so the negative halves of the phase potential will appear anyway.

Topic summary

The discussion addresses methods for remotely monitoring the status of overcurrent and differential current protections in a domestic 230VAC switchgear without physically inspecting the distribution board. The main challenge is safely detecting which protections are active or tripped, and whether voltage is present, given the high voltage environment. One proposed approach involves adding auxiliary control wiring to each protection device, but this raises practical issues such as connecting wires of different cross-sections to the same contact and finding suitable connectors with large flat contact surfaces. Safety concerns are emphasized, particularly the presence of phase potential on the receiver side even after protection trips. Suggested technical solutions include using high-value (kilohm range) resistors in series with matched capacitors and diodes to limit power dissipation and protect LEDs in signaling circuits. Neon-based optocouplers are mentioned as an ideal but unavailable component for low-power phase presence indication. Alternative ideas include employing a Raspberry Pi with AI and a camera to visually monitor the switchgear status, though this may not provide direct voltage presence information. The discussion highlights the complexity of designing a low-power, safe, and reliable remote monitoring system for domestic AC protections.
Summary generated by the language model.
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