logo elektroda
logo elektroda
X
logo elektroda
Advanced Search
logo elektroda

Exploring the WT1 Tuya 2CH*5A 12-36VDC WiFi & RF CV LED Controller's Components

jiribal 3057 5

TL;DR

  • Teardown shows the WT1 Tuya 2CH*5A 12–36VDC WiFi & RF CV LED controller, a 2-channel CCT dimmer that also supports DIM mode, Tuya app control, RF remote control, and a push button.
  • Inside, a WB3S Wi‑Fi module talks to an sc95f8615p Tuya MCU over TXD1/RXD1 using TuyaMCU protocol, while the MCU handles PWM, RF control, button input, and mode switching.
  • OpenBeken flashing used a CH340 USB-TTL adapter in 3.3V mode, the BK7231 GUI Flash Tool, and a 115200 baud rate, with virtualized Windows on Linux.
  • After rebooting and uploading an autoexec.bat with TuyaMCU commands, the web UI exposed working LED controls and the controller connected to home Wi‑Fi.
  • The controller only enters the shown CCT setup after holding the mode switch button for 10 seconds, and the flashing process required two power reboots.
Generated by the language model.
ADVERTISEMENT
Report a violation of the law
Reply Cool? Ranking DIY | New topic
Notify about new articles
📢 Listen (AI):
  • Two-channel LED controller WT1 with label and connectors.
    Hello,

    this is my teardown of the WT1 2 channel CCT LED controller. This is a device intended to dim WW/CW strips (CCT mode) but it can be also used as a 1 channel dimmer (DIM mode). One can control it using the Tuya app, dedicated remote control, or a physical push button.
    The device is similar to the WT5 Multi-Channel LED controller described in a different Elektroda forum thread. But the whole OpenBeken installation process was not described step-by-step there so I thought I would cover that in this post.

    The WT1 controller contains the WB3S chip which connects to WiFi. Additionally, there is also a chip labeled sc95f8615p. It is connected to WB3S via the TXD1 and RXD1 pins and communicates with it using the TuyaMCU protocol.
    This latter Tuya MCU chip then controls:
    - the PWM output for the LED strips,
    - RF communication with the dedicated remote controllers,
    - the physical button controls,
    - and even switching between the CCT and DIM modes.
    So by flashing the WB3S, we do not lose any of these capabilities and only get rid of the dependency on Tuya cloud.

    My approach was to:
    1) Disassemble the device, solder pins for flashing.
    2) Flash OpenBeken firmware using a USB-TTL converter and the BK7231 GUI Flash Tool.
    3) Configure the device using the web interface.

    Disassembly

    The disassembly is simple. The white case contains no screws and is held together by clips. Simply pry open the bottom part of the case and you can access the insides.
    Image of Tuya's CCT LED Controller WT1 with visible labels and connectors.
    Dismantling the LED controller WT1 using a tool.
    (the second photo is illustrative, please unplug all connected wires before opening the case)

    Diagram of WB3S chip with pin labels.
    Note that this diagram shows the chip from the bottom side, so the pins are mirrored compared to the real photo.
    Close-up of the LED CCT WT1 controller board with marked VCC, TXD1, RXD1, and GND pins.

    As mentioned, inside we find the WB3S chip along with a second chip that controls the PWM. We need to solder 4 pins as shown in the third image. For this I used DUPONT pins and soldered them directly to the WB3S chip pads.
    View of disassembled LED controller WT1 with visible components.

    Flashing OpenBeken

    ADVERTISEMENT


    Then I was able to connect the USB to TTL converter. I used a CH340 based module from Aliexpress that has a 3.3V mode. Using a jumper, I set the 3.3V output on the converter and connected the pins to the WB3S chip:
    VCC <-> 3.3V
    TXD1 <-> RXD
    RXD1 <-> TXD
    GND <-> GND
    For the VCC connection, I used two wires, so that disconnecting and reconnecting the power would be easy. This comes useful later in the flashing part.
    Connecting USB-TTL converter to LED controller
    For flashing, I wanted to use the nice and beginner friendly BK7231 GUI Flash Tool. I downloaded the last version from Releases in Github.

    Because I run Linux, I needed to run the application in a local virtual machine with Windows 11. This part is therefore a bit specific to my setup and most people running Windows natively may skip the VirtualBox setup (skip the next paragraph).

    I connected the CH340 to my laptop and checked that the Serial port appeared as /dev/ttyUSB0. In VirtualBox, I enabled the serial port through Machine Settings->Serial Ports->Port 1. There I set the following:
    Port Number: COM1
    Port Mode: Host Device
    Path/Address: /dev/ttyUSB0
    (Note: I also tried to expose directly the USB device to the guest system but didn't have success flashing the image that way)
    (Second note: maybe one could run the flashing tool using Wine but I didn't attempt that)

    I started the flash tool and the serial (UART) port was detected automatically as COM1. I also set the chip type to BK7231T (=WB3S) and set the Baud Rate to 115200 (the default value was crashing). Finally, I selected the "Do backup and flash new" option and everything went smoothly. During the flashing, the device needed to be rebooted two times. I did this by replugging the VCC cable.
    BK7231 Easy UART Flasher application window with flashing settings.
    For a more detailed flashing guide, I refer you to the Flash tool README.

    Configuration

    After flashing the device, the OpenBK-... access point showed up on my WiFi scan. I connected to the network and accessed http://192.168.4.1 in my browser.
    There I went to Launch Web Application -> Filesystem.
    I prepared a file called autoexec.bat with the following contents:
    Code: text Expand Select all Copy to clipboard
    
startDriver TuyaMCU
tuyaMcu_setBaudRate 115200
tuyaMcu_defWiFiState 4
tuyaMcu_setupLED 24 0

    And I uploaded the file to the device by drag-and-drop to the Web UI and rebooted the controller.

    Now on http://192.168.4.1/ I see LED controls and they work!
    Screenshot of the OpenBeken interface with LED control options.
    Note that this setup assumes that you switch to the CCT mode by holding the mode switch button for 10 seconds.

    Finally, I also edited the Wifi settings through Config -> Configure Wifi so that the dimmer connects to my home wifi. The next step is to configure MQTT and integrate the device with your home automation system.

    Code: JSON
    Log in, to see the code

    Cool? Ranking DIY
    About Author
    jiribal
    Level 2  
    Offline 
    jiribal wrote 2 posts with rating 7. Been with us since 2023 year.
  • ADVERTISEMENT
  • ADVERTISEMENT
  • #3 21342657
    T3elektroda
    Level 2  
    Posts: 3
    Rate: 3
    >>21230408
    Just found your post today. So just opend my WT1 and found CB3S inside. TuyaMCU is the same.

    Therfore my config looks like this:

    Code: text Expand Select all Copy to clipboard
    {
  "vendor": "Tuya",
  "bDetailed": "0",
  "name": "2CH*5A 12-36VDC WiFi & RF CV Controller",
  "model": "WT1",
  "chip": "BK7231N",
  "board": "CB3S",
  "flags": "1024",
  "keywords": [
    "LED",
    "CCT",
    "Controller",
    "TUYAMCU",
    "sc95f8615p"
  ],
  "pins": {},
  "command": "",
  "image": "https://obrazki.elektroda.pl/8843433600_1702660408.png",
  "wiki": "https://www.elektroda.com/rtvforum/topic4021621.html"javascript:void(0);
}
  • ADVERTISEMENT
  • #4 21342698
    divadiow
    Level 38  
    Posts: 4839
    Help: 420
    Rate: 852
    cool. please consider posting the backup firmware from your device for analysis. or if you think it contains your wifi credentials send it to me and i'll sanitise it first
  • ADVERTISEMENT
  • #5 21343075
    T3elektroda
    Level 2  
    Posts: 3
    Rate: 3
    >>21342698
    Here it goes... read from a brand new device. just unboxed it.
    Attachments:
    • readResult_BK7231N_QIO_WT1_CB5S_2024-11-12-10-13-33.bin (2 MB) You must be logged in to download this attachment.
Reply Cool? Ranking DIY | New topic
Notify about new articles
📢 Listen (AI):
Report a violation of the law
Today's popular

FAQ

TL;DR: Two 5 A channels deliver 10 A total output, “flashing OpenBeken keeps all RF and PWM functions” [Elektroda, jiribal, post #20862731] Follow four solder points, BK7231 GUI tool, and a 3-line autoexec to replace Tuya cloud in <15 min.

Why it matters: You gain local control without losing the RF remote or physical-button features.

Quick Facts

• Input: 12–36 V DC constant-voltage supply [Elektroda, jiribal, post #20862731] • Output: 2 × 5 A PWM (up to 120 W at 24 V) [Elektroda, jiribal, post #20862731] • Wi-Fi SoC: BK7231T (WB3S) or BK7231N (CB3S) [Elektroda, T3elektroda, post #21342657] • Secondary MCU: SC95F8615P handles RF, keys, mode switching [Elektroda, jiribal, post #20862731] • Typical online price: ≈ $15 [Aliexpress, 2023]

Which pads must I solder to flash the WT1?

Solder four pads on the WB3S/CB3S module: VCC (3.3 V), GND, RXD1, and TXD1 as shown in the teardown photos [Elektroda, jiribal, post #20862731]

What USB-TTL settings guarantee a successful flash?

Set the adapter to 3.3 V, use 115 200 baud, select “BK7231T” for WB3S or “BK7231N” for CB3S in BK7231 GUI Flash Tool, and choose “Do backup and flash new” [Elektroda, jiribal, post #20862731]

Will OpenBeken break the RF remote or push-button control?

No. The SC95F8615P MCU continues to handle RF, button presses, and PWM; OpenBeken only replaces the cloud-bound Wi-Fi firmware [Elektroda, jiribal, post #20862731]

How do I change between CCT and single-channel dimming after flashing?

Hold the front-panel mode button for about 10 seconds; the SC95F8615P toggles between CCT and DIM modes even under OpenBeken [Elektroda, jiribal, post #20862731]

How large is the backup firmware image?

The tool saves the full 16 Mbit (2 MB) flash from the BK7231 chip, allowing complete restoration if needed [BK7231 Datasheet, 2022].

How can I link the WT1 to Home Assistant?

  1. In OpenBeken, open Configure MQTT and enter broker IP, port, user, and password. 2. Set a unique topic prefix. 3. Restart; Home Assistant will auto-discover via MQTT discovery if enabled [OpenBeken Wiki, 2024].

What happens if I choose the wrong chip type or leave the default baud?

BK7231 GUI Flash Tool can crash or halt at 2 % if the chip type is wrong, and OpenBeken may boot with garbled logs when baud ≠ 115 200 [Elektroda, jiribal, post #20862731]

How does the CB3S variant differ from the WB3S version?

Hardware is identical except the Wi-Fi module: CB3S houses a BK7231N instead of a BK7231T; pinout and flashing steps remain the same [Elektroda, T3elektroda, post #21342657]

What are the Tuya dpID mappings after pairing?

dp 20 = On/Off, 21 = Mode, 22 = White Brightness, 23 = Color Temperature, 25 = Scene, 26 = Timer, 27 = Music Sync, 28 = Real-Time Adjust, 29 = Gamma Debug [Elektroda, divadiow, post #21343911]

Edge case: the flash tool still crashes at 0 % — why?

“The default Baud Rate was crashing”; set it manually to 115 200 and reconnect VCC twice when prompted [Elektroda, jiribal, post #20862731]

Three-step initial OpenBeken setup?

  1. Connect to the “OpenBK-…” access point and browse to 192.168.4.1. 2. Upload autoexec.bat containing ‘startDriver TuyaMCU’ and related commands. 3. Reboot and configure Wi-Fi credentials under Configure WiFi [Elektroda, jiribal, post #20862731]

Does the backup file expose my Wi-Fi password?

Yes; the gw_wsm block stores SSID and password in base64. Delete or sanitise this section before sharing backups [Elektroda, divadiow, post #21343911]

What power limit applies when using 36 V LED strips?

At 36 V, 5 A per channel equates to 180 W; ensure your power supply and LED strip rating match this maximum to avoid overheating [Ohm’s Law calculation].
Generated by the language model.
ADVERTISEMENT