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RTL-SDR - an SDR receiver from a cheap DVB-T tuner on a USB connector

Ganjor86 716044 1593
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Can I turn a cheap DVB-T USB tuner into an SDR receiver, and how can I make it receive shortwave too?

Yes: with an RTL2832U-based DVB-T dongle you can use it as an SDR receiver after replacing the stock DVB-T drivers with the prepared Zadig/libusb drivers and running SDR software like SDR Sharp or HDSDR [#11182116] In normal mode these tuners work roughly from 24 MHz up to about 1700 MHz, so VHF/UHF services, airband, CB, ADS-B, etc. are fine [#13168529] [#12073526] For shortwave below that range, do not connect the antenna straight to the RTL chip; direct sampling is possible but is considered risky and can damage the RTL28xx [#12073526] The safer and better-performing solution in the thread is an upconverter on the antenna input, e.g. based on TA7358/LA1185/LA1186, which users report can extend reception down to roughly 100 kHz–40 MHz [#13135481]
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  • #1531 19441550
    Jap
    Level 29  
    Posts: 2141
    Help: 114
    Rate: 652
    I'm using RTL-SDR.com v3. Skubany worked on these settings for a long time, then something happened and I couldn't turn it on. SDRCONSOLE came to the rescue - I liked it. To run SDR on SHARP I tried several times with Zadig - but it didn't help. Finally, I ordered a new SDR - something based on a chip in SDRplay (the Chinese changed something and reportedly improved it) - we'll see if it starts. The reinstallation of the system is prepared differently, because it is possible that some update has failed.
    Do you know any other METEOR pickup patents? I read that you can record via SDRCONSOLE and further analyze it in other software - but the SDRCONSOLE version does not allow you to choose the 120kHz bandwidth in WFM. Only in BFM - but there are some fires, rds, etc ... I'm afraid it may be harmful.
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  • #1532 19536430
    don_viking
    Level 21  
    Posts: 562
    Help: 14
    Rate: 136
    I noticed that in sdrconsole in the new version 3.0.28 I have a width of 180kHz in the WFM settings under the sign "TITLE HERE". Take a peek or not.
    RTL-SDR - an SDR receiver from a cheap DVB-T tuner on a USB connector
    I haven't tested METEOR's recording on sdrconsole and can't say anything about it, only in sdrsharp using the tab.
  • #1533 19561112
    rosomak19
    Level 23  
    Posts: 1056
    Help: 2
    Rate: 367
    As a colleague wrote, maybe your rtlsdr.dll file has crashed or is damaged. Download from this site https://www.iz3mez.it/software/SDRSharp/ version 1700 (the last version before black skin and other modifications), unpack and see if it works. When it works, the only thing left to do is swap files with frequencies and add plugins, such as for meteor. You can also uninstall the ZADIG driver if you have an old one and upgrade to v2.5 (probably the latest one). Recently, I also had a mess that I caused myself to reset the computer. SDR did not want to start at all, it showed some error with the config file. System recovery, version 1700 and reinstallation of ZADIG drivers helped. Maybe even try to download SDRsharp and just replace the rtlsdr.dll file.
  • #1534 19561147
    lysy1980
    Level 33  
    Posts: 2222
    Help: 204
    Rate: 316
    Even msvcrt100 must be in the correct version in SDR SHARP.
  • #1535 19561218
    rosomak19
    Level 23  
    Posts: 1056
    Help: 2
    Rate: 367
    So it's best to get sdrsharp, it crashes, leaving the frequencies file to have its frequencies saved, and additionally I would update the zadig.
  • #1536 19561245
    lysy1980
    Level 33  
    Posts: 2222
    Help: 204
    Rate: 316
    The most interesting thing is that sometimes the SDR # downloaded from the website does not work. I used to have several packages of completed rtlsdr and msvcr100 files because not all of them worked, even if there was a difference between probably only the two, SDR-SHARP and SDR RADIO PRO V2 did not see or start the receiver. SDR RADIO PRO V3 has everything you need in the installer and therefore it always works and you should always use this program to check whether the receiver works and has the appropriate ZADIG drivers installed.

    Added after 1 [minutes]:

    When I get home and if I don't forget, I will find the files, I will put them here, although I think I have already put them here.
  • #1537 19561424
    rosomak19
    Level 23  
    Posts: 1056
    Help: 2
    Rate: 367
    Also not so long ago, when I tampered with something, I didn't want to show anything in "device" and it was enough to copy the rtlsdr.dll file. I would like to add that after replacing the SDR with the one with two inputs (additional to the KF) I had to install ZADIG anew. I remember that at the beginning of the Meteor reception, this is what you used to do, first you recorded, then demodulated in the program and decoded the next program. Then after releasing this plugin to Meteor, the demodulator runs in real time. But I say, I would start by downloading SDRsharp, because if sdrconsole works, there is a problem with it. In addition, you can uninstall zadig and install its latest version. If it doesn't start after both treatments, try to restore the system while everything was still working. Although I warn you that if any sdesharp file is damaged, there will still be a problem with operation. For me, after restoring the system, there was no communication in sdrsharp and sdrconsole, where after pressing play there was only a squeak, and the waterfall as if it were frozen. It was only after reinstalling zadig that sdrsharp started to fire and an error popped up, but when ignored, it worked normally. But so that there would be no problems, I threw it out and downloaded the second one and it runs without problems now.
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  • #1538 19561902
    lysy1980
    Level 33  
    Posts: 2222
    Help: 204
    Rate: 316
    The files that must match are rtlsdr.dll, msvcr100.dll and libusb-1.0.dll, I remember that replacing one with one from a different compilation resulted in SDR #, RTL1090 and similar programs not working.
    I found one set that works for me, it is attached. If I dig anything else, I'll throw it in here.
    Attachments:
    • RTL.zip (459.16 KB) You must be logged in to download this attachment.
  • #1539 19561906
    lysy1980
    Level 33  
    Posts: 2222
    Help: 204
    Rate: 316
    Second set.
    Attachments:
    • RTL 5.zip (110.8 KB) You must be logged in to download this attachment.
    • RTL 4.zip (65.06 KB) You must be logged in to download this attachment.
    • RTL 3.zip (298.51 KB) You must be logged in to download this attachment.
    • RTL 2.zip (466.05 KB) You must be logged in to download this attachment.
  • #1540 19561963
    Dziarski Hank
    Level 34  
    Posts: 2051
    Help: 245
    Rate: 927
    Good morning

    I go to the topic of SDR, the Dongle purchased (silver RTL-SDR RTL2832U V3). The problem is breaking through the enormity of knowledge and information. Somehow, I will deal with it slowly, I would only ask for two tips - which SDR Sharp plug-ins do you consider a must-have to start with, and SDR Sharp or SDR Console? Differences? For and against?

    @ lysy1980 you will resurrect KiwiSDR? I used often ;)
  • #1541 19562027
    Hektar Zahle.r
    Level 30  
    Posts: 1309
    Help: 138
    Rate: 255
    First, install HD SDR. HD SDR package with the driver for download from the hamster. Sharp can be very problematic, so let it go first.
  • #1542 19562378
    rosomak19
    Level 23  
    Posts: 1056
    Help: 2
    Rate: 367
    Why is it so problematic? I have only two issues that annoy me, but this is in any program that supports SDR. The first is that he can lose connection sometimes and suddenly everything stands still, sporadically but it happens. I don't know what it's caused by, maybe some program is browsing the USB, because I have some of them installed. The second thing is that there are such short audio interruptions, they are milliseconds, but when receiving all kinds of analog images it annoys because it breaks the timing. But this is more the fault of the computer, or various programs. As for plugins, it's up to you what you want to have and what to decode. I use SDRConsole alternately with SDRsharp and it's an interesting program. But if you could add a meteor plug there, it would be fun. It is also convenient that you can select the audio signal output on the fly, not like in sdrsharp, where you have to stop the application first. I can also set it up quickly for listening, or on a virtual cable, when I decode something.
  • #1543 19582352
    don_viking
    Level 21  
    Posts: 562
    Help: 14
    Rate: 136
    Sdrconsole is a great program and I only use it at the moment. The advantages are the possibility of programming 24 channels and the ability to listen to them simultaneously if you set them in the width of the received section of the band, e.g. 2 MHz. It also has many useful functions, including the ability to transmit if the tuner has such a function. I will not write about all the pluses, but in my opinion it is better than sdrsharp. Come on Sdrsharp is good too, and I would recommend it for newbies to SDR. Older, less complicated versions are available at this link. https://www.iz3mez.it/software/SDRSharp/
    As for plugins, there are a lot of them and as a colleague wrote above, everyone will find something for themselves.
    https://www.rtl-sdr.com/sdrsharp-plugins/
    http://rtl-sdr.ru/category/plugin
    http://sdrsharp.pbworks.com/w/page/62589136/FrontPage

    For people more advanced in the subject, I would suggest the SDRangel program. Hardly anyone mentions it here, and the program has a lot of plugins for receiving and transmitting. The project is constantly being developed, it even has a DVB-S plug. The only problem it has is that on some computers the signal spectrum may not be visible. Besides, the program is very interesting and recommendable for testing.
    https://github.com/f4exb/sdrangel/wiki
    Below is a photo of the available plugins.
    RTL-SDR - an SDR receiver from a cheap DVB-T tuner on a USB connector
  • #1544 19589698
    ArturAVS
    Moderator
    Posts: 26009
    Help: 2295
    Rate: 7712
    I installed SDRconsole a few days ago. The program itself, however, the system freezes approximately every 15 minutes.
  • #1545 19589726
    don_viking
    Level 21  
    Posts: 562
    Help: 14
    Rate: 136
    It is best to inform its creator about any problems with the program by e-mail or on the radioreference forum. I did not notice this problem at home. I have a laptop HP probook win system 7 64 bit. Currently version 3.1 is available as well as beta versions for testing. Try to install newer versions, it may help. I used to have a similar problem, but it turned out a long time ago that it was set in the power options during inactivity to turn off the disk and usb ports. Then I changed it to inactive and the problem did not recur.
  • #1546 19589733
    ArturAVS
    Moderator
    Posts: 26009
    Help: 2295
    Rate: 7712
    It is not so disturbing that I am going to do something about it. No less rolled up to the bar for the duration of other actions it frees the system. More out of curiosity, I installed it because I receive it on HDSDR, this one has the smallest system needs in my opinion.
  • #1547 19590264
    Dziarski Hank
    Level 34  
    Posts: 2051
    Help: 245
    Rate: 927
    In my case, Console works for hours without any problems, set to the recording mode in the 70cm band
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  • #1548 19595371
    endriu2712
    Level 12  
    Posts: 124
    Rate: 24
    Hello, I have a rtl sdr V3 with a sirio gp3e antenna and a 50ohm h155 cable. And I have a request for an antenna amplifier to improve reception, although this antenna has good reception.

    Added after 1 [hours] 30 [minutes]:

    and I'm using sdrconsole
    Moderated By c2h5oh:

    Regulations point 3.1.12. Don't post a lot of the same topics on the forum, users won't know where to reply.
    https://www.elektroda.pl/rtvforum/topic3828994.html#19595351

  • #1549 19596069
    endriu2712
    Level 12  
    Posts: 124
    Rate: 24
    hello i installed sdrangel and i just have this problem i can't see spectrum and scale. How can this be fixed?
  • #1550 19596687
    don_viking
    Level 21  
    Posts: 562
    Help: 14
    Rate: 136
    In my case, it is impossible because from what I figured out it is the issue of the graphics card and I will not replace the older version 3 in the laptop without a problem. I once wrote with the publisher of the program by e-mail about the problem. He wrote back that the build system had been completely changed by going from mingw to msvs and updating to Qt. I wrote here once earlier about this problem, we compared it with a friend and I had an integrated graphics card and he had another one installed and he saw the spectrum and I did not.
    https://www.elektroda.pl/rtvforum/topic2353101-1470.html#18800185
    Above the post with description and photos.
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  • #1551 19596797
    endriu2712
    Level 12  
    Posts: 124
    Rate: 24
    Don_viking you were right, I have two graphics cards in my laptop, I chose a stronger one and it works, I just need to get this program straight now. Thanks for the help.
  • #1553 19622437
    don_viking
    Level 21  
    Posts: 562
    Help: 14
    Rate: 136
    endriu2712 wrote:
    Hello, I have a rtl sdr V3 with a sirio gp3e antenna and a 50ohm h155 cable. And I have a request for an antenna amplifier to improve reception, although this antenna has good reception.

    Added after 1 [hours] 30 [minutes]:

    and I'm using sdrconsole


    When it comes to the amplifier connected to the antenna, honestly, it is worth installing one. In another post related to this topic, a few people wrote that the tuner has an amplifier and you don't need an external one. Yes, but I have dealt with this topic many times on different antennas and I know that the appropriate amplifier just behind the antenna does the job. Even here, in this topic, I once described the advantages of an external amplifier and what problems are caused by the high gain set in the tuner. In short, the amplifier just behind the antenna does not amplify the interference collected by the cable and generated by the tuner-computer set itself, it only amplifies the signal received by the antenna itself. Later, in the tuner settings it is enough to give the gain to 1/4 and ok. If the cable is quite long, you can connect an amplifier before the tuner itself, which passes voltage to the antenna. My set is the SWA9701 amplifier next to the antenna, after modifications, and the FP6L amplifier is in front of the voltage separator and the tuner itself. With the set of tuner, cable, antenna and tuner gain setting, e.g. to 48 or AGC, I receive stations up to 50km, and with the antenna set, SWA9701, cable, FP6L, tuner with the gain set to 8.7 I receive stations from about 80km, this is the difference. You can use other low-noise broadband amplifiers with the antenna, bearing in mind that you cannot install a voltage-transmitting amplifier with a compact antenna. You can do a simple test on a TV antenna, mount the amplifier in front of the separator, not at the antenna, and compare the effects.

    Below are three posts where I described the issue of amplifiers.

    https://www.elektroda.pl/rtvforum/topic2353101-750.html#15390501

    https://www.elektroda.pl/rtvforum/topic2353101-1200.html#16956486

    https://www.elektroda.pl/rtvforum/topic2353101-1470.html#18796355
  • #1554 19781278
    don_viking
    Level 21  
    Posts: 562
    Help: 14
    Rate: 136
    Information for those who use HDSDR. A new Beta version was released yesterday, I invite you to test it.
    http://www.hdsdr.de/download/HDSDR281b4_install.exe
    And part of the Scytale-C software
    https://bitbucket.org/scytalec/scytalec/downloads/
    Maybe before the end of the year, more new versions of interesting programs will be released.
    I wish you all Merry Christmas .
  • #1555 19781581
    rosomak19
    Level 23  
    Posts: 1056
    Help: 2
    Rate: 367
    endriu2712 wrote:
    Hello, I have a rtl sdr V3 with a sirio gp3e antenna and a 50ohm h155 cable. And I have a request for an antenna amplifier to improve reception, although this antenna has good reception.

    There used to be a line amplifier with the FP6L code that I still have in one of the antennas. Until the second I bought his successor, but I don't remember the name. Importantly, such a linear amplifier "releases" the voltage on the antenna, so a separator should be used for short-circuited antennas. So the easiest way is to connect the antenna through a capacitor. Another thing, I had such an experience with them that if he was placed next to the antenna, it would be a storm and he was beaten. For several years, I have it mounted in 1/3 of the cable, looking from the antenna and I have peace.
  • #1556 19784960
    SP5IT
    VIP Meritorious for electroda.pl
    Posts: 11555
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    I have a problem with SDRsharp, new and old not colored version. It has always been.
    Dongiel REALTEK 2832U, Windows 7x64, WinUSB (v6.1.7600.16385)
    2 sound cards, onboard and USB DAC.
    The program hangs after a few minutes of use under these circumstances:
    1. The onbard default tab in Windows - OK
    2. DAC default in windows - pauses
    3. Default DAC in windows, RTL output on onboard - pushes

    How do you get this carcass to run on board?
    Michael
  • #1557 19785013
    Dziarski Hank
    Level 34  
    Posts: 2051
    Help: 245
    Rate: 927
    Anyone compared SDRSharp VS SDR Console? For me, Console is an almost perfect program in terms of use and intuitiveness (ribbon interface). Mega plus for recorded with silence cutting. SDRSharp seems clunky to me, but has the advantage of plugins ...
  • #1558 19785159
    don_viking
    Level 21  
    Posts: 562
    Help: 14
    Rate: 136
    SP5IT wrote:
    I have a problem with SDRsharp, new and old not colored version. It has always been.
    Dongiel REALTEK 2832U, Windows 7x64, WinUSB (v6.1.7600.16385)
    2 sound cards, onboard and USB DAC.
    The program hangs after a few minutes of use under these circumstances:
    1. The onbard default tab in Windows - OK
    2. DAC default in windows - pauses
    3. DAC default in windows, RTL output on onboard - pushes

    How do you get this carcass to run on board?
    Michael


    I have the same Sdrsharp, regardless of the version, after some time it hangs with a higher load. Probably the reason for this is the NetFramework drivers. While installing another program, the framework updated some of its components and I have been crashing sdrsharp since then. That's why I'm using sdrconsole. The program is much more stable and uses less memory and processor load.
    Dziarski Hank wrote:
    Anyone compared SDRSharp VS SDR Console? For me, Console is a program almost perfect in terms of use and intuitiveness (ribbon interface). Mega plus for recorded with silence cutting. SDRSharp seems clunky to me, but has the advantage of plugins ...

    As for plugins, I recommend the SdrAngel program there are many interesting plugins, but the operation is much more difficult.
  • #1559 19785167
    ArturAVS
    Moderator
    Posts: 26009
    Help: 2295
    Rate: 7712
    don_viking wrote:
    That's why I'm using sdrconsole. The program is much more stable and uses less memory and processor load

    I have been using it interchangeably with SDR Sharp for some time and I can not change its operating mode in any way. By default it works as direct sampling Q.
  • #1560 19785217
    don_viking
    Level 21  
    Posts: 562
    Help: 14
    Rate: 136
    ArturAVS wrote:
    don_viking wrote:
    That's why I'm using sdrconsole. The program is much more stable and uses less memory and processor load

    I have been using it interchangeably with SDR Sharp for some time and I can not change its operating mode in any way. By default it works as direct sampling Q.


    The fact that it is marked with a yellow asterisk does not bother you. I have Sdr V3 and my star is on In-phase, but as I mark Quadrature, it switches to KF reception, but I also have normal reception of the entire band, i.e. from 500kHz up to 1700MHz. As I give In-phase, I have a reception only from 45MHz to 1700MHz. The pictures show how it works.

    RTL-SDR - an SDR receiver from a cheap DVB-T tuner on a USB connector
    RTL-SDR - an SDR receiver from a cheap DVB-T tuner on a USB connector

    This page describes how to set the default option that interests us.
    Description for a regular dongle.
    https://www.sdr-radio.com/rtl-dongles
    And here are the descriptions of the settings for other tuners.
    https://www.sdr-radio.com/radios

Topic summary

✨ The discussion centers on using inexpensive DVB-T USB tuners, particularly those based on the RTL2832U chipset combined with various tuner modules like the R820T and E4000, as software-defined radio (SDR) receivers. These devices, originally intended for digital TV reception, can be repurposed for wideband SDR reception from approximately 25 MHz up to 1.7 GHz, covering amateur radio bands, FM broadcast, airband, ADS-B, and more. Modifications such as direct antenna connection to the RTL2832U chip pins enable reception of lower frequency bands (below 30 MHz), including shortwave, though precautions against electrostatic discharge and signal surges are necessary. Upconverter circuits based on chips like LA1186, LA1185, and TA7358AP are commonly used to extend reception down to HF and VLF bands by frequency shifting signals into the tuner's range. Various software solutions including SDR# (SDR Sharp), HDSDR, and dump1090 are recommended for Windows and Linux platforms, with driver installation often requiring tools like Zadig to replace default DVB-T drivers with RTL-SDR compatible ones. Users report challenges with driver installation, device recognition, and antenna selection, especially for frequencies outside the FM broadcast band. Amplifiers such as the FP6L and antennas like Discone or long wire are suggested to improve reception quality. Mobile and embedded platforms like Raspberry Pi and Android devices with USB OTG support are explored for portable SDR setups. The community shares detailed schematics, installation guides, and troubleshooting tips, emphasizing the cost-effectiveness and versatility of RTL-SDR dongles for radio experimentation and monitoring.
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FAQ

TL;DR: A US$13 RTL-SDR dongle with an R820T tuner covers 24-1762 MHz “Band 24-1762 MHz (no holes)” [Elektroda, zabex, post #12073526] and can be pushed to ≈100 kHz with a 50 MHz up-converter [Elektroda, sb8gapi, post #13074101]

Why it matters: One stick lets hobbyists scan HF, VHF, UHF and ADS-B without big radios.

Quick Facts

• R820T native span: 24–1762 MHz [Elektroda, zabex, post #12073526] • Direct-Sampling mod: ≈0.1–28 MHz [Elektroda, methyl, post #13657048] • Typical dongle cost: US$13–15 incl. whip [Elektroda, Ganjor86, post #12076142] • PC spec: USB 2.0 + ≥1.2 GHz CPU [Elektroda, Serwis1, post #13206155] • TA7358 up-converter parts ≈ PLN 15 [Elektroda, sb8gapi, post #13074101]

What frequencies can an un-modified RTL-SDR with R820T cover?

About 24 MHz to 1.76 GHz without gaps [Elektroda, zabex, post #12073526] That spans airband, AIS, ACARS, ADS-B, VHF FM, UHF trunked, LTE and more.

How do I install drivers on Windows XP?

  1. Plug dongle, let Windows load Realtek driver.
  2. Run Zadig v2.1 XP, Menu → Options → List All Devices, choose "Bulk-In Interface 0".
  3. Click Install WINUSB driver. After 5 s SDR# sees “RTL-SDR/USB”. [Elektroda, lysy1980, post #13511327]

I get no DVB-T after installing SDR drivers—normal?

Yes. WINUSB replaces Realtek’s TV driver. Switch USB port or reinstall OEM driver when you need DVB-T reception [Elektroda, lysy1980, post #13511327]

What’s the simplest way to receive 0–30 MHz?

Add a 50 MHz HF up-converter using TA7358 or LA1185. It mixes HF to 50–80 MHz, cost under PLN 15 and sensitivity beats direct sampling [Elektroda, sb8gapi, #13074101; Elektroda, zabex, #12073526].

Can overheating freeze the dongle?

Yes. R820T can reach >60 °C and USB disconnects appear. Resoldering the USB plug and adding small heatsinks stopped lock-ups [Elektroda, mkpl, post #13635115]

Which antenna works best for wideband scans?

An outdoor TV log-periodic or discone on 50 Ω feed covers 50–1300 MHz. For HF add Mini-Whip or 20 m long-wire plus the up-converter [Elektroda, methyl, post #13657048]

Edge case: why does FM broadcast appear at 30 MHz?

Strong local FM images alias into 26–40 MHz when the front-end overloads. Use 88–108 MHz notch or reduce RF gain [Elektroda, mkpl, post #13583266]

Can I scan automatically like a hardware scanner?

Yes. Install the ‘Frequency Manager Scanner’ plug-in for SDR#; it hops user lists at 20 channels /s and logs activity [SDRSharpPlugins].

Is spectrum-analysis possible?

RTL-SDR plus ‘RTL-Power’ or ‘Spektrum’ sweeps 24 MHz–1.7 GHz, 2 MHz steps, ~30 dB dynamic range—handy for EMC checks [majek, 2013].

How do I add HF direct sampling without removing the tuner?

On R820T boards, wire a 1:10 transformer to RTL pins 4-5, select “Direct Sampling Q” in SDR#. This keeps VHF/UHF intact [Elektroda, BOOM i ZONK, post #13914702]
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